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. 2022 Jul 4;18(11):4341–4356. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.71134

Figure 4.

Figure 4

A potential role of VIP/VIPR1 signaling in regulating arginine metabolism and pyrimidine biosynthesis of HCC. Transcriptome sequencing analyses of Huh7 cell (Huh7-Ctrl), and VIP/VIPR1 axis activated Huh7 cell (Huh7-activation). (A) Volcano plot showed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two groups (1928 up-regulated genes; 123 down-regulated genes). (B) Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed on DEGs. (C) Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was performed on DEGs. (D) Heatmap showed increased expression of arginine synthesis and urea cycle genes (ASS1, ASL, ARG1, ARG2, CPS1, NAGS, NOS2, GPT), and lower expression of pyrimidine synthesis genes (CAD, UMPS, DHODH) in VIP/VIPR1 activation group. (E) Fold change of urea concentration in culture supernatant of different groups in HepG2 and Huh-7 cells. (F) Schematic diagram depicting a regulatory role of VIP/VIPR1 signaling in regulating arginine metabolism and pyrimidine biosynthesis of HCC. Abbreviations: Con.: concentration; n.s.: not significant. Values represent means±SEM. *P< 0.05, **P< 0.01.