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. 2022 Jul 19;10(14):e15393. doi: 10.14814/phy2.15393

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Rhythmicity of the microbiome. (a) Relative abundances of bacterial families. Bacteroidales and Bacteroidaceae belong to the phylum Bacteroidetes; Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiales, and Erysipelotrichaeceae belong to the phylum firmicutes; and Verrucomicrobiaceae belongs to the phylum Verrucomicrobia. A full list of families is available in Figure S3a. (b) Rhythms in rarefied abundances of the major bacterial phyla in AL fed (orange) and 24 h fasted (blue) mice. Black asterisks indicate significant differences between fed and fasted groups at a particular timepoint (TTEST), n = 3 mice/timepoint/group. Colored asterisks indicate presence of 24 h rhythm. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (c) Fasting increased mean expression levels of Verrucomicrobia. (d) Fasting depressed firmicutes during the dark phase. (e) Time dependence of the firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. (f) Shannon and Simpson indices of α‐diversity, or within‐condition microbial diversity.