Table 3.
Determinants of cervical cancer screening uptake in Malawi
| Variables | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio | 95%CI | Odds ratio | 95%CI | |
| Have you ever been tested for cervical cancer? | ||||
| Work status | 1.13 | (0.93–1.36) | 1.15 | (0.96–1.39) |
| Location | 1.66*** | (1.36–2.02) | 1.72*** | (1.40–2.11) |
| Marital Status | 0.98 | (0.81–1.19) | 1.01 | (0.83–1.23) |
| Primary education | 1.14 | (0.88–1.48) | 1.14 | (0.87–1.48) |
| Secondary education | 1.41** | (1.03–1.93) | 1.39** | (1.01–1.91) |
| Post-secondary education | 2.06*** | (1.33–3.21) | 2.03*** | (1.31–3.16) |
| Christian | 1.09 | (0.81–1.48) | 1.11 | (0.82–1.50) |
| Muslim | 0.79 | (0.53–1.16) | 0.78 | (0.53–1.16) |
| Wealth quintile 2 | 1.27 | (0.87–1.85) | 1.24 | (0.85–1.81) |
| Wealth quintile 3 | 1.31 | (0.91–1.88) | 1.24 | (0.87–1.79) |
| Wealth quintile 4 | 1.91*** | (1.35–2.69) | 1.77*** | (1.25–2.50) |
| Wealth quintile 5 | 3.43*** | (2.39–4.91) | 3.14*** | (2.19–4.50) |
| Age group: 25–34 | 1.87*** | (1.44–2.43) | 1.90*** | (1.46–2.47) |
| Age group: 35–44 | 2.83*** | (2.16–3.72) | 2.87*** | (2.18–3.77) |
| Age group: 45–54 | 3.14*** | (2.31–4.27) | 3.16*** | (2.32–4.31) |
| Age group: 55+ | 2.84*** | (1.97–4.11) | 2.84*** | (1.96–4.10) |
| Ever tested for HIV | 2.48*** | (1.71–3.60) | 2.42*** | (1.67–3.51) |
| Northern Region | 1.17 | (0.94–1.46) | ||
| Southern Region | 0.74*** | (0.62–0.88) | ||
| Constant | 0.01*** | (0.00–0.02) | 0.01*** | (0.01–0.02) |
| Observations | 8978 | 8978 | ||
| Pseudo R2 | 0.0930 | 0.0968 | ||
| Log Lik | −1.026e+ 06 | −1.022e+ 06 | ||
| Wald Chi | 455.3 | 455.5 | ||
| Pro>Chi2 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
Robust confidence interval in parentheses.
*** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1