Growth, fructose utilization, and product formation of the wild-type L. pseudomesenteroides strain DSM 20193 (A, B) and the spontaneously formed mannitol-producing variant strain (C and D) in batch culture in fructose medium. (A and C) ●, growth (OD600); ■, fructose; ▵, mannitol. (B and D) ○, lactate; ▴, acetate; □, ethanol. Each value represents the mean of duplicate measurements, which varied by not more than 5%. Carbon recovery varied between 95 and 105%.