Table 1.

Studies targeting MDSCs in malignant hematologic diseases and HSCT

Therapeutic drugs	Targeting process	Disease	Action effect	References
Daratumumab	Reduction in the number of MDSCs	MM	Reduces the number of CD38+ MDSCs.	[97]
All-trans retinoic acid	Inhibition of M-MDSC production	APL	Induces APL primitive cell differentiation and death and inhibits PGD2/ILC2/IL-13 axis-induced MDSC generation.	[110]
Imatinib/dasatinib	Reduction in the number and immunosuppressive effect of MDSCs	CML	Reduces the number of MDSCs and their ARG-1, MPO, and IL-10 levels.	[111]
Ibrutinib	Reduction in the number of MDSCs	CLL	Reduces MDSC numbers and alters the differentiation of MDSCs, inducing naïve T cells towards Th1 cells and away from Th2 cells.	[116]
Tadalafil	Inhibition of immunosuppressive effects of MDSCs	R/R MM	Reduces the levels of ROS, ARG-1, and iNOS in MDSCs and restores the anti-tumor immune response of T cells.	[134]
Bisphosphonates	Reduction in the number of MDSCs	MM	Reduces the number of MDSCs and decreases their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts.	[153]
Bendamustine	Enhancement of immunosuppressive function of MDSCs	HSCT	Enhances immunosuppression in MDSCs and reduces GVHD.	[154]

APL acute promyelocytic leukemia, R/R MM relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, CML chronic myeloid leukemia, CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia, PGD2 prostaglandin D2, ILC2 Group 2 innate lymphoid cells, ARG-1 arginase 1, ROS reactive oxygen species, MPO myeloperoxidase, HSCT hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, GVHD graft-versus-host disease