Table 2. Descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation matrix for selected variables.

		Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11
1	Age	46.10	12.20
2	Body mass index	42.20	8.09	0.408**
3	c(25(OH)D)/(nmol/L)	44.78	20.02	-0.048	-0.273*
4	c(folic acid)/(nmol/L)	15.63	5.86	0.021	-0.135	0.293*
5	c(vitamin B12)/(pmol/L)	270.53	128.31	0.020	-0.221	0.198	0.248
6	Hypertension classification	0.53	0.50	0.514**	0.402**	0.127	-0.027	0.026
7	Diabetes/prediabetes diagnosis	0.44	0.50	0.225	0.251*	-0.023	-0.027	0.019	0.208
8	Microbiota function	0.84	0.67	0.159	0.196	0.085	0.059	0.025	0.319**	0.684**
9	w(fat)/%#	46.51	6.11	0.082	0.488*	0.073	0.106	0.143	0.196	0.142	0.095
10	m(fat)/kg	55.01	16.04	0.254	0.776**	0.086	0.097	0.130	0.290	0.130	0.011	0.705**
11	w(muscle)/%	48.64	7.47	-0.115	-0.685**	-0.175	-0.034	-0.006	-0.048	0.039	0.036	-0.698**	-0.573**

N=70 (except for folic acid and vitamin B₁₂ N=60). Hypertension classification: 0=none, 1=hypertension; Diabetes/prediabetes diagnosis: 0=none, 1=diabetes/prediabetes; Microbiota function (the number of different species that fit into each of three defined categories; for example, probiotic is represented by the variable of how many probiotic species were detected on the swab of the oral cavity): 0=probiotic, 1=none, 2=pathogen. *p<0.05, **p<0.01. ^#At the same body mass index (BMI), women usually contain ~10% more body fat than men (27)