Fig. 3.

Interparticle forces and gaps in jammed packings subject to cyclic shear. (A) A typical force network for jammed packings subject to cyclic pure shear. (B and C) Distributions of interparticle forces P(f) (B) and distributions of interparticle gaps g(h) (C) for jammed packings with different global stress ratios μ. The red dotted line represents the power law with an exponent ${\theta }_f=-0.21$, which is derived from the exponent $\gamma =0.56$ and the scaling relationship given by the MMS analysis. The black dashed lines in C represent a power law with an exponent $\gamma =0.41269$, as a guide for the eye.