Table 4.

Outcomes stratified by GDMT use as well as before and after excluding those with valid reasons as reported by the treating physicians

Outcome, n (%) unless specified otherwise	Initial cohort before exclusion (N = 165)			Final cohort after exclusion (N = 77)
	Triple GDMT combination concomitantly			Triple GDMT combination concomitantly
	No (n = 98)	Yes (n = 67)	p-value	No (n = 13)	Yes (n = 64)	p-value
Emergency room (ER) visit	86 (88%)	50 (75%)	0.03	10 (77%)	48 (75%)	0.883
Hospital admission	86 (88%)	47 (70%)	0.005	10 (77%)	45 (70%)	0.631
Length of stay, median (IQR), days	12.5 (4-30)	6 (0-19)	0.012	8 (4-10)	6 (0-18.5)	0.967
Mortality	3 (3.1%)	4 (6.0%)	0.443	0	2 (3.1%)	1.000
Major adverse event	93 (95%)	54 (81%)	0.005	11 (85%)	52 (81%)	1.000

GDMT, a triple guideline-directed combination therapy consisting of a beta blocker, a RAS blocker (or a hydralazine-nitrate combination), and an MRA, concomitantly; IQR, interquartile range.

Major adverse event was either an ER visit, a hospital admission or death.