Table 2.
Comparison of child ASD characteristics measured by social communication questionnaire (SCQ) and social responsiveness scale-2 (SRS-2) between the U.S. and Japan.
| Variable | United States (n = 52) | Japan (n = 51) | t-value (df) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ)a | ||||
| Total Score | 21.2 ± 5.8 | 17.2 ± 7.8 | 2.94 (100) | 0.004 |
| Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2)b | ||||
| Total raw score | 108.1 ± 23.4 | 88.5 ± 24.9 | 4.09 (100) | <0.001 |
| Total t-score | 78.4 ± 9.3 | 80.7 ± 13.8 | −0.99 (100) | 0.326 |
| Social Awareness | 14.1 ± 3.8 | 10.9 ± 3.7 | 4.28 (100) | <0.001 |
| Social Awareness t-score | 74.1 ± 11.7 | 66.2 ± 12.8 | 3.25 (100) | 0.002 |
| Social Communication | 36.6 ± 9.0 | 29.8 ± 9.5 | 3.71 (100) | <0.001 |
| Social Communication t-score | 77.0 ± 10.1 | 79.1 ± 14.0 | −0.87 (100) | 0.390 |
| Social Cognition | 20.5 ± 5.1 | 17.5 ± 4.9 | 3.08 (100) | 0.003 |
| Social Cognition t-score | 75.1 ± 9.6 | 75.4 ± 11.8 | −0.15 (100) | 0.879 |
| Social Motivation | 15.98 ± 5.42 | 13.08 ± 5.31 | 2.73 (100) | 0.008 |
| Social Motivation t-score | 69.8 ± 10.7 | 67.1 ± 14.8 | 1.07 (100) | 0.290 |
| Restricted Interest and Repetitive Behavior | 20.90 ± 6.27 | 17.26 ± 6.94 | 2.78 (100) | 0.006 |
| Restricted Interest and Repetitive Behavior t-score | 79.0 ± 13.6 | 85.1 ± 17.7 | −1.95 (100) | 0.054 |
| DSM-5 Compatible Subscales | ||||
| Social Communication and Interaction | 87.2 ± 18.9 | 71.2 ± 19.0 | 4.24 (100) | <0.001 |
| Social Communication and Interaction t-score | 77.1 ± 9.2 | 77.6 ± 12.7 | −0.22 (100) | 0.826 |
Note. Data are reported as mean and standard deviation, otherwise as indicated. df: degree of freedom. aJapanese version of SCQ has one question less than the original SCQ. Since each question will be scored as 0 or 1, corrected SCQ score was calculated for Japanese participants using the following formula: adjusted Japan SCQ score = (raw Japanese SCQ score/39) × 40. b Data missing for one Japanese participant.