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. 2022 Jul 20;70(2):477–505. doi: 10.1007/s00168-022-01157-3

Table 2.

Final measurement models

Latent variables Indicator Coefficient Standard error R2
Endogenous latent variables
Expenditure AVB1 0.36 0.12 0.13
AVB2 0.28 0.09 0.08
Reduction AVB3 1.00 0.02 1.00
Exposure PHR1 1.00 0.02 1.00
Hazardousness PHR2 0.60 0.03 0.36
PHR3 0.52 0.03 0.28
PHR4 0.62 0.03 0.38
PHR5 0.55 0.03 0.30
Environmental knowledge EK1 0.51 0.04 0.26
EK2 0.49 0.03 0.24
EK3 0.42 0.03 0.18
EK4 0.46 0.04 0.22
EK5 0.55 0.04 0.30
EK5 0.49 0.03 0.24
EK7 0.34 0.03 0.12
EK8 0.43 0.03 0.19
Exogenous latent variable
Socioeconomic Status Education 0.49 0.05 0.24
Income 0.45 0.04 0.21

The variables Age, Family size, Health experience, Proximity to the pollution source and Work environment are directly observed latent variables implying an identity relationship between latent variable and indicator. These variables are not included in Table 2