Table 2.
Relative amino acid and amino alcohol (AAA) concentrations (% of total AAA concentration) in cases vs. controls on pooled samples from 3 to 1 day(s) before diagnosis.
| NEC | Controls | likelihood ratio test | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median [IQR]a | Median [IQR]a | Raw p value | BH-FDR | |
| Essential amino acids | ||||
| Histidine |
2.50 [1.51–3.14] |
2.14 [1.69–2.92] | 0.35 | 0.55 |
| Isoleucine†* | 3.52 [2.44–4.61] | 2.10 [1.35–3.25] | 0.001 | 0.03 |
| Leucine* | 8.42 [5.80–11.48] | 6.45 [3.94–9.30] | 0.01 | 0.06 |
| Lysine†* | 3.61 [1.53–6.39] | 6.12 [2.75–8.23] | 0.02 | 0.07 |
| Methionine* | 0.44 [0.13–0.81] | 0.19 [0.04–0.57] | 0.004 | 0.04 |
| Phenylalanine* | 3.83 [2.82–4.90] | 2.85 [1.91–4.18] | 0.006 | 0.04 |
| Threonine | 2.93 [1.40–5.20] | 2.18 [1.34–4.46] | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Tryptophane† | 2.15 [0.80–3.05] | 1.14 [0.00–2.07] | 0.06 | 0.19 |
| Valine* | 6.22 [4.20–7.78] | 4.70 [3.45–6.36] | 0.002 | 0.03 |
| Conditionally essential amino acids | ||||
| Arginine | 0.48 [0.15–2.10] | 0.66 [0.23–1.11] | 0.42 | 0.62 |
| Cystine | 0.64 [0.11–1.32] | 0.82 [0.15–1.36] | 0.49 | 0.65 |
| Glutamine | 1.07 [0.10–1.93] | 0.82 [0.34–1.87] | 0.81 | 0.87 |
| Glycine | 4.71 [3.96–6.68] | 5.09 [3.29–7.36] | 0.50 | 0.65 |
| Proline | 4.17 [2.60–6.47] | 3.69 [2.80–5.13] | 0.79 | 0.87 |
| Serine | 0.93 [0.55–2.16] | 1.21 [0.77–2.36] | 0.57 | 0.67 |
| Tyrosine | 2.89 [0.73–4.48] | 1.71 [0.42–3.96] | 0.26 | 0.46 |
| Non-essential proteogenic amino acids | ||||
| Alanine | 8.38 [6.12–10.68] | 7.30 [4.71–10.53] | 0.31 | 0.51 |
| Asparagine | 0.00 [0.00–0.81] | 0.17 [0.00–1.44] | 0.23 | 0.46 |
| Aspartic acid | 4.27 [1.41–7.32] | 5.02 [2.78–10.11] | 0.24 | 0.46 |
| Glutamic acid | 12.44 [6.58–18.90] | 14.26 [3.65–21.31] | 0.90 | 0.94 |
| Non-proteogenic amino acids | ||||
| Apha-aminobutyric acid | 0.12 [0.00–0.45] | 0.00 [0.00–0.35] | 0.53 | 0.64 |
| Citrulline | 1.00 [0.29–1.86] | 0.99 [0.26–3.09] | 0.51 | 0.65 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid | 0.18 [0.00–4.22] | 0.00 [0.00–1.33] | 0.22 | 0.46 |
| Ornithine† | 0.86 [0.23–2.56] | 0.52 [0.19–1.47] | 0.11 | 0.29 |
| Sulfo-l-cysteine | 3.66 [0.00–8.44] | 9.83 [0.10–17.26] | 0.05 | 0.17 |
| Taurine | 0.18 [0.01–0.53] | 0.09 [0.00–0.76] | 0.12 | 0.30 |
| Amino-alcohols | ||||
| Ethanolamine†* | 1.02 [0.50–1.87] | 1.93 [1.18–2.78] | 0.01 | 0.06 |
| Phophoethanolamine | 0.35 [0.10–1.10] | 0.58 [0.00–1.69] | 0.23 | 0.46 |
BH-FDR Benjamini–Hochberg False Discovery Rate as determined by univariate analysis, IQR interquartile range.
aMedian and IQR of percentage of total amino acids concentration; *Significance level of BH-FDR < 0.1; †Markers of the rendered model by multivariate analysis.