Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants varied by PSE (N=3651).
| Variables | PSE | P value | Overall, n (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without, n (%) | With, n (%) | |||
| Demographic characteristic | ||||
| Age (year) | ||||
| <41 | 765 (58.0) | 1147 (49.2) | <0.001 | 1912 (52.4) |
| ≥41 | 554 (42.0) | 1185 (50.8) | 1739 (47.6) | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Han | 1211 (91.8) | 2197 (94.2) | 0.005 | 3408 (93.3) |
| Others | 108 (8.2) | 135 (5.8) | 243 (6.7) | |
| Local household registration | ||||
| Yes | 184 (13.9) | 503 (21.6) | <0.001 | 687 (18.8) |
| No | 1135 (86.1) | 1829 (78.4) | 2964 (81.2) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single/divorced/widow | 87 (6.6) | 105 (4.5) | 0.006 | 192 (5.3) |
| Married | 1232 (93.4) | 2227 (95.5) | 3459 (94.7) | |
| Education level | ||||
| Junior middle school or below | 859 (65.1) | 1321 (56.6) | <0.001 | 2180 (59.7) |
| Senior middle school | 254 (19.3) | 575 (24.7) | 829 (22.7) | |
| College or above | 206 (15.5) | 436 (18.7) | 642 (17.6) | |
| Occupation types | ||||
| Administrator/professional | 139 (10.5) | 266 (11.4) | 0.017 | 405 (11.1) |
| Worker | 520 (39.4) | 787 (33.7) | 1307 (35.8) | |
| Business services personnel | 178 (13.5) | 343 (14.7) | 521 (14.3) | |
| Housewife/unemployed woman | 332 (25.2) | 632 (27.1) | 964 (26.4) | |
| Others | 150 (11.4) | 304 (13.0) | 454 (12.4) | |
| Monthly income (RMB) | ||||
| <5,000 | 1030 (78.1) | 1758 (75.4) | 0.065 | 2788 (76.4) |
| ≥5,000 | 289 (21.9) | 574 (24.6) | 863 (23.6) | |
| Reproductive health condition | ||||
| Age at menarche (year) | ||||
| <12 | 32 (2.4) | 71 (3.0) | 0.052 | 103 (2.8) |
| 12 to 15 | 1053 (79.8) | 1781 (76.4) | 2834 (77.6) | |
| ≥16 | 234 (17.7) | 480 (20.6) | 714 (19.6) | |
| Age at coitarche (year) | ||||
| <18 | 119 (9.0) | 130 (5.6) | <0.001 | 249 (6.8) |
| 18 to 24 | 954 (72.3) | 1698 (72.8) | 2652 (72.6) | |
| ≥25 | 246 (18.7) | 504 (21.6) | 750 (20.5) | |
| The number of sexual partners in recent one year | ||||
| 0 | 116 (8.8) | 157 (6.7) | 0.020 | 273 (7.5) |
| 1 | 1113 (84.4) | 2044 (87.7) | 3157 (86.5) | |
| ≥2 | 90 (6.8) | 131 (5.6) | 221 (6.1) | |
| Consistent condom use during sexual intercourse | ||||
| No | 1117 (84.7) | 1954 (83.8) | 0.48 | 3071 (84.1) |
| Yes | 202 (15.3) | 378 (16.2) | 580 (15.9) | |
| Oral contraceptive use | ||||
| Never | 1094 (82.9) | 1947 (83.5) | 0.67 | 3041 (83.3) |
| Ever | 225 (17.1) | 385 (16.5) | 610 (16.7) | |
| Parity | ||||
| 0 | 52 (3.9) | 43 (1.8) | <0.001 | 95 (2.6) |
| 1 | 334 (25.3) | 587 (25.2) | 921 (25.2) | |
| 2 | 660 (50.0) | 1258 (53.9) | 1918 (52.5) | |
| ≥3 | 273 (20.7) | 444 (19.0) | 717 (19.6) | |
| Age at first delivery (year) a | ||||
| <18 | 160 (12.6) | 287 (12.5) | 0.099 | 447 (12.2) |
| 18 to 24 | 647 (51.1) | 1095 (47.8) | 1742 (47.7) | |
| 25 to 29 | 371 (29.3) | 761 (33.2) | 1132 (31.0) | |
| ≥30 | 89 (7.0) | 146 (6.4) | 235 (6.4) | |
| Malignancy diagnosis of first-degree relatives | ||||
| No/unknown | 1251 (94.8) | 2143 (91.9) | 0.001 | 3394 (93.0) |
| Yes | 68 (5.2) | 189 (8.1) | 257 (7.0) | |
| Previous diagnosis of vaginitis | ||||
| No | 928 (70.4) | 1334 (57.2) | <0.001 | 2262 (62.0) |
| Yes | 391 (29.6) | 998 (42.8) | 1389 (38.0) | |
| Health habit | ||||
| Active smoking | ||||
| Never | 1282 (97.2) | 2300 (98.6) | 0.002 | 3582 (98.1) |
| Ever | 37 (2.8) | 32 (1.4) | 69 (1.9) | |
| Passive smoking | ||||
| Never | 1131 (85.7) | 1967 (84.3) | 0.26 | 3098 (84.9) |
| Ever | 188 (14.3) | 365 (15.7) | 553 (15.1) | |
| Sitting hours per day | ||||
| <5 | 732 (55.5) | 1337 (57.3) | 0.28 | 2069 (56.7) |
| ≥5 | 587 (44.5) | 995 (42.7) | 1582 (43.3) | |
| Walking steps per day | ||||
| <5000 | 855 (64.8) | 1353 (58.0) | <0.001 | 2208 (60.5) |
| ≥5000 | 464 (35.2) | 979 (42.0) | 1443 (39.5) | |
| Frequency of physical exercise per week | ||||
| 0 | 610 (46.2) | 735 (31.5) | <0.001 | 1345 (36.8) |
| 1 | 367 (27.8) | 684 (29.3) | 1051 (28.8) | |
| 2 | 206 (15.6) | 495 (21.2) | 701 (19.2) | |
| ≥3 | 136 (10.3) | 418 (17.9) | 554 (15.2) | |
| Psychological health status | ||||
| Psychological distress in recent two weeks | ||||
| No | 1074 (81.4) | 1849 (79.3) | 0.12 | 2923 (80.1) |
| Yes | 245 (18.6) | 483 (20.7) | 728 (19.9) | |
a
Nonparous women were not included.
Bold values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05).