Table 1.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) by setting, December 2019 through April 2020.
| Characteristic | All RSV + (n = 101) | Inpatient (n = 37) | ED (n = 18) | Outpatient (n = 46) | p value a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, months – mean (SD) | 4.9 (3.2) | 3.8 (2.7) | 4.5 (3.3) | 5.9 (3.2) | <0.001 |
| Age, group – n (%) | |||||
| 0–3 months | 48 (47) | 23 (62) | 10 (56) | 15 (33) | 0.036 |
| 4–6 months | 26 (26) | 9 (24) | 2 (11) | 15 (33) | |
| 7–11 months | 27 (27) | 5 (14) | 6 (33) | 16 (35) | |
| Sex, male – no. (%) | 57 (56) | 22 (59) | 8 (44) | 27 (59) | 0.526 |
| Race – no. (%) | |||||
| White | 45 (45) | 18 (49) | 10 (56) | 17 (37) | 0.620 |
| Black | 29 (29) | 9 (24) | 5 (28) | 15 (33) | |
| Other | 27 (27) | 10 (27) | 3 (17) | 14 (30) | |
| Insurance – no. (%) | |||||
| Private | 28 (28) | 10 (27) | 0 | 18 (39) | 0.025 |
| Public | 67 (66) | 26 (70) | 16 (89) | 25 (54) | |
| Self-pay/none | 6 (6) | 1 (3) | 2 (11) | 3 (7) | |
| Ethnicity, Hispanic – no. (%) | 31 (31) | 15 (41) | 7 (40) | 9 (20) | 0.085 |
| Premature, <37 weeks – no. (%) | 12/100 (12) | 4 (11) | 3 (17) | 5/45 (11) | 0.797 |
| Underlying medical condition – no. (%) | 8 (8) | 2 (5) | 2 (11) | 4 (9) | 0.737 |
| Breastfeeding history – no.(%) | 84 (83) | 32 (86) | 14 (78) | 38 (83) | 0.714 |
| Daycare attendance – no. (%) | 29 (29) | 9 (24) | 3 (17) | 17 (37) | 0.207 |
| Second-hand smoke exposure – no. (%) | 19 (19) | 5 (14) | 9 (50) | 5 (11) | 0.001 |
| Maternal education – no. (%) | |||||
| Less than high school | 20 (20) | 11 (30) | 4 (22) | 5 (11) | 0.010 |
| High school | 38 (37) | 12 (32) | 12 (67) | 14 (30) | |
| 2- to 4-year college degree | 28 (28) | 10 (27) | 2 (11) | 16 (35) | |
| Graduate degree | 15 (15) | 4 (11) | 0 | 11 (24) | |
| LRTI – no. (%) | 77 (76) | 36 (97) | 13 (72) | 28 (61) | <0.001 |
| Supplemental oxygen – no. (%) | 24 (24) | 24 (65) | – | – | – |
| Illness duration, days – mean (SD) | 19 (39) | 14 (10) | 12 (8) | 28 (62) | 0.205 |
| Prescription/administration – no. (%) | |||||
| Antibiotic | 28 (28) | 9 (24) | 3 (17) | 16 (35) | 0.293 |
| Bronchodilator | 9 (9) | 6 (16) | 1 (6) | 2 (4) | 0.145 |
| Co-detection – no. (%) | |||||
| Virus | 12 (12) | 4 (11) | 0 | 8 (17) | 0.149 |
| Bacteria | 3 (3) | 3 (8) | 0 | 0 | 0.069 |
| Provider-ordered RSV testing – no. (%) | 47 (47) | 27 (73) | 7 (39) | 13 (28) | <0.001 |
| Positive | 46 (98) | 26 (96) | 7 (100) | 13 (100) | 0.685 |
ED, emergency department; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; SD, standard deviation.
Definitions: Underlying medical conditions had at least one of the following conditions: asthma/reactive airway disease, atopic/allergic conditions, blood disorders, cancer, cerebral palsy, chronic lung conditions, cystic fibrosis, diabetes, Down’s syndrome, eczema, endocrine diseases, food allergies, genetic/metabolic disorders, heart disease, immunocompromised conditions, kidney disease, liver disease, neurological disorders, sickle cell disease/trait, seizure disorder, and/or other.
P values were calculated using linear regression with robust standard errors for continuous variables and Pearson χ2 test for categorical variables, alpha set at <0.05.
P values are across healthcare settings (i.e. inpatient, ED, outpatient). P values <0.05 are bolded.