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. 2022 Jul 19;22:301. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02255-6

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — Sodium butyrate (NaB) decreased human periodontal ligament stem cell-mediated bone formation in nude mice. a H&E staining revealed less bone-like tissue formation around HA/TCP in the NaB-treated group compared to the control. b Quantitative measurement of the mineralization area revealed less bone-like tissue formation in the NaB-treated group than in the control. Red lines represent bone-like tissue; HA = HA/TCP; CT = connective tissue. Scale bars, 100 μM. Error bars represent the standard deviation (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, using Student’s t test