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. 2022 Jul 20;18:282. doi: 10.1186/s12917-022-03348-8

Table 7.

Comparison of LA:Ao in pugs from the present study to selection of published interbreed references

median RI
LA:Ao
Pugs (N = 51) 1.3 0.97 - 1.63
Visser et al. 2019 [9] (N = 122) 1.42* 1.0 - 1.68 *sign. higher than in pugs (p = 0.0046)
Rishniw et al. 2019 [8] (N = 238) 1.34 1.04 - 1.7 no significant difference (p = 0.2624)

LA:Ao Left-atrial-to-aortic ratio, N Number of subjects per study, RI Reference interval (95% prediction interval, 2.5% - 97.5% percentile)

comparison of medians with sign test, significant p values highlighted with an asterisk (*).