TABLE 5.
Rest and exercise (40 W) echocardiography for Long-CoV, no-longer symptomatic (ns)-CoV and Controls. TAPSE; tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.
| Self-reported symptom groupings | Long-CoV | ns-CoV | Con | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart Rate | bpm | Rest | 70 (10) | 71 (12) | 67 (13) |
| 40 W | 99 (12) | 99 (13) | 97 (14) | ||
| Delta | 29 (8) | 28 (9) | 30 (8) | ||
| Cardiac Output | l/min | Rest | 4.7 (1.1) | 4.2 (0.8) | 4.2 (1.1) |
| 40 W | 7.7 (1.5) | 7.1 (1.3) | 6.8 (1.1) | ||
| Delta | 3.0 (1.2) | 2.8 (1.1) | 2.6 (0.7) | ||
| Right Ventricle Diastolic Area | cm2 | Rest | 20 (2) | 18 (3) | 18 (4) |
| 40 W | 21 (4) | 19 (4) | 20 (5) | ||
| Delta | 4 (8) | 3 (3) | 0 (6) | ||
| Fractional Area Change | % | Rest | 37 (8) | 45 (7) | 39 (5) |
| 40 W | 43 (6) | 45 (7) | 41 (7) | ||
| Delta | 8 (16) | −2 (9) | 0 (12) | ||
| TAPSE | mm | Rest | 25 (3) | 23 (3) | 24 (4) |
| 40 W | 29 (5) | 28 (2) | 28 (4) | ||
| Delta | 3 (8) | 5 (4) | 3 (3) | ||
| Pulmonary Acceleration Time | ms | Rest | 154 (18)† | 154 (10) | 172 (28) |
| 40 W | 159 (24) | 156 (15) | 158 (22) | ||
| Delta | 4 (18)† | 2 (12) | −14 (31) | ||
| Left Ventricle E/e’ (average) | ratio | Rest | 6.4 (1.7) | 6.6 (1.4) | 6.4 (1.8) |
| 40 W | 7.1 (2.2) | 6.7 (2.4) | 8.1 (2.4) | ||
| Delta | 0.6 (2.6) | −0.1 (1.6) | 1.6 (2.1) | ||
†, p < 0.05 vs. Con; ‡, p < 0.05 vs. ns-CoV.