. 2021 Nov 4;29(3):972–981. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2677

TABLE 1.

Sample characteristics of participants per condition

Characteristic	Total sample (N = 91)				Own‐client condition (n = 47)				Another‐therapist's‐client condition (n = 44)				p
Characteristic	N	%	M	SD	n	%	M	SD	n	%	M	SD	p
Gender ^a													.23
Women	81	89.0			44	93.6			37	84.1
Men	9	9.9			3	6.4			6	13.6
Non‐binary	1	1.1			0	0.0			1	2.3
Age (years) ^b			37.7	10.3			37.3	9.6			38.1	11.0	.69
Profession ^a													.75
Psychotherapist	9	9.9			5	10.6			4	9.1
Psychotherapist trainee	6	6.6			4	8.5			2	4.5
Health care psychologist ^c	36	39.6			20	42.6			16	36.4
Health care psychologist trainee	25	27.5			11	23.4			14	31.8
Clinical psychologist	9	9.9			3	6.4			6	13.6
Clinical psychologist trainee	3	3.3			2	4.3			1	2.3
Clinical neuropsychologist	1	1.1			1	2.1			0	0.0
Clinical neuropsychologist trainee	1	1.1			0	0.0			1	2.3
Other	1	1.1			1	2.1			1	0.0
Work setting ^a ^, ^d													.62
Independent practice	15	16.5			8	17.0			7	15.9
Mental health care centre	71	78.0			37	78.7			34	77.3
Hospital	10	11.0			6	12.8			4	9.1
Other	7	7.7			3	6.4			4	9.1
Main theoretical orientation ^a ^, ^d													.56
Based on learning principles (e.g., CBT, EMDR, and schema therapy)	81	89.0			42	89.4			39	88.6
Client centred (e.g., EFT)	20	22.0			12	25.5			8	18.2
Psychodynamic/psychoanalytical (e.g., MBT)	22	24.2			13	27.7			9	20.5
Other	6	6.6			3	6.4			3	6.8
Working hours ^b			30	6.2			30.3	5.3			29.6	7.0	.60
% work providing treatment ^b			56.4	20.5			57.3	18.8			55.3	22.3	.65
% premature termination ^b			7.4	6.1			7.2	5.9			7.5	6.3	.82
Therapists' self‐confidence ^b			63.5	11.56			63.6	10.7			63.4	12.5	.92
Therapists' need for closure ^b			3.4	.53			3.4	0.6			3.5	0.5	.46
Therapists' estimation (%) of therapy result
Improvement ^b			68.9	11.0			68.1	11.6			67.7	10.5	.87
Unchanged ^b			24.1	9.0			24.1	9.7			24.0	8.3	.92
Deterioration ^b			8.0	5.0			7.8	4.5			8.3	5.6	.59
Attribution scales
Therapist							4.5	0.9			4.3	0.8
Client							4.6	0.7			4.5	0.8
Situation							3.7	0.8			3.8	0.8
Item ‘client felt better’							4.9	1.1			4.9	1.0	.91

Note: For profession, the analysis was performed for the main categories: (1) psychotherapist (trainee); (2) health care psychologist (trainee); and (3) clinical psychologist/clinical neuropsychologist (trainee).

Abbreviations: CAQ, Causal Attribution Questionnaire; CBT, cognitive behavioural therapy; EFT, emotion‐focused therapy; MBT, mentalization‐based therapy.

^{^a}

χ ² analysis.

^{^b}

Independent samples t‐test.

^{^c}

Certified psychologists with 2‐year postgraduate training.

^{^d}

Multiple answers could be given. Therefore, the percentages do not add up to 100.