Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Population at Baseline and at 25‐Year Follow‐Up
| Continuous variables | Baseline (n = 2695) | 25‐Year follow‐up (n = 686) | p * |
|---|---|---|---|
| BMD (g/cm2), mean ± SD | 0.93 ± 0.13 | 0.85 ± 0.13 | <0.001 |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 53.3 ± 2.8 | 77.4 ± 2.8 | <0.001 |
| Height (cm), mean ± SD | 161.2 ± 5.2 | 157.8 ± 5.2 | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg), mean ± SD | 68.4 ± 11.5 | 70.0 ± 13.0 | 0.002 |
| Dairy products use (dL/d), mean ± SD | 4.2 ± 2.7 | 9.2 ± 70.5 | <0.001 |
| Categorical variables, % | |||
| Previous fracture | 21.5 | 37.3 | <0.001 |
| Smoking | 11.7 | 2.5 | <0.001 |
| Any use of alcohol (%) | 37.7 | 44.2 | 0.002 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 4.6 | 2.5 | 0.013 |
| Osteoporosis | 1.6 | 12.2 | <0.001 |
| Calcium or D‐vitamin supplement | 10.3 | 78.7 | <0.001 |
| Corticosteroid use | 4.3 | 7.6 | <0.001 |
| Diseases affecting bones | 26.6 | 45.0 | <0.001 |
| Hip fracture in parents | Not available | 12.0 |
ANOVA = analysis of variance.
*
Statistical significance obtained with ANOVA for continuous variables, chi‐square for categorical variables.