Fig. 5. Graphical summary of momilactone BGC evolution and syntenic relationships. Note that the BGC is part of a split cluster with other loci involved in momilactone biosynthesis depicted in different panels. All genes involved in O. sativa momilactone biosynthesis are marked with a thick black outline. (A) Simplified pathway for biosynthesis of rice momilactones. (B) Structural differences and syntenic relationships relative to Oryza sativa chromosome 2 show independent evolution of the multifunctional phytocassane associated BGC. (C) Assembly of the momilactone BGC in different species showing gene gain events in Oryza spp., lateral gene flow to Echinochloa crus-galli and convergent evolution in bryophytes. (D) CYP array and auxiliary genes that are part of the momilactone pathway.