Table 3. Summary statistics and validity tests of the measurement model.
| Variables | Measurement items | Mean | SD | Standardized loading (Initial) | Standardized loading (Final) | Cronbach | DG | rho_A |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived Security Policy Awareness | pspa1 | 3.48 | 1.07 | 0.949 | 0.949 | 0.947 | 0.966 | 0.948 |
| pspa2 | 3.47 | 1.07 | 0.970 | 0.970 | ||||
| pspa3 | 3.61 | 1.06 | 0.934 | 0.934 | ||||
| Privacy Concerns | pc1* | 4.21 | 0.86 | 0.680 | – | – | – | – |
| pc2 | 4.30 | 0.80 | 0.728 | 0.846 | 0.772 | 0.866 | 0.790 | |
| pc3 | 4.53 | 0.73 | 0.714 | 0.802 | ||||
| pc4 | 4.66 | 0.63 | 0.767 | 0.831 | ||||
| pc5* | 4.45 | 0.81 | 0.690 | – | – | – | – | |
| pc6* | 4.28 | 0.87 | 0.663 | – | – | – | – | |
| Attitudes toward Using ICT for Teaching & Research | att1 | 4.42 | 0.82 | 0.878 | 0.892 | 0.884 | 0.928 | 0.891 |
| att2 | 4.26 | 0.87 | 0.884 | 0.902 | ||||
| att3 | 4.19 | 0.90 | 0.886 | 0.907 | ||||
| att4* | 4.18 | 0.93 | 0.699 | – | – | – | – | |
| Digital Literacy | dl1* | 3.85 | 0.92 | 0.671 | – | – | – | – |
| dl2 | 4.21 | 0.77 | 0.783 | 0.823 | 0.787 | 0.875 | 0.796 | |
| dl3 | 3.90 | 0.87 | 0.809 | 0.863 | ||||
| dl4* | 4.22 | 0.82 | 0.757 | – | – | – | – | |
| dl5 | 3.98 | 0.86 | 0.771 | 0.823 | ||||
| dl6* | 4.26 | 0.79 | 0.765 | – | – | – | – | |
| dl7* | 3.99 | 0.96 | 0.438 | – | – | – | – | |
| Familiarity with Blackboard Collaborate Ultra | fam1 | 3.87 | 1.18 | 0.857 | 0.914 | 0.741 | 0.884 | 0.764 |
| fam2 | 4.25 | 1.19 | 0.790 | 0.865 | ||||
| fam3* | 2.32 | 1.51 | 0.542 | – | – | – | – | |
| Awareness of Security and Privacy Settings | k | 3.74 | 0.80 | 0.937 | 0.937 | 0.913 | 0.945 | 0.918 |
| a | 3.82 | 0.77 | 0.942 | 0.942 | ||||
| b | 2.79 | 0.69 | 0.889 | 0.889 |
Note:
An asterisk (*) indicates items omitted from further analysis.