Table 1.
Demographic and clinical features in adults with knowlesi malaria enrolled in prospective studies.
| District hospital studies | Tertiary referral hospital study | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristic | Grigg et al. (2018a) Sabah, Malaysia n =481 (437 adults) | Daneshvar et al. (2009) Sarawak, Malaysia n =121 (113 adults) | Barber et al. (2013) Sabah, Malaysia n =130 | |
| Adults (age > 12yrs), (%) | 91 | 93 | 100 | |
| Age, years | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 35 (25–50) | 45 (14.9)b | 46 (29–58) | |
| Range | 13–85 | 16–79 | 14–83 | |
| Male gender, (%) | 79 | 56 | 74 | |
| Previous malaria (self-reported), (%) | 21 | 26 | 28 | |
| History of chronic disease, (%) | 8.0 | NR | 24 | |
| Days of fever, median (IQR) | 4 (3–7) | 5 (3–7) | 5 (3–7) | |
| Symptoms on enrolment, n (%) | ||||
| Rigors | 82.3 | 89.7 | 84 | |
| Headache | 89.0 | 94.4 | 91 | |
| Vomiting | 24.0 | 33.6 | 30 | |
| Abdominal pain | 23.3 | 52.3 | 31 | |
| Diarrhoea | 8.2 | 29.0 | 18 | |
| Cough | 35.0 | 56.1 | 48 | |
| Shortness of breath | 16.0 | NR | 17 | |
| Myalgia | 61.6 | 87.9 | 47 | |
| Arthralgia | 66.1 | NR | 58 | |
| Examination findings on enrolment | ||||
| Temperature, °C, median (IQR) | 37.4 (37.0–38.1) | 37.6 (37–38.5) | 37.5 (36.8–38.4) | |
| Fever, temp≥37.5 °C, (%) | 49.3 | NR | NR | |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean (SD) | 120 (110–130)a | NR | 118 (19.7) | |
| Heart rate, beats/min, mean (SD) | 88 (77–100)a | 95 (16) | 90 (15.1) | |
| Respiratory rate, breaths/min, mean (SD) | 20 (20–24)a | 26 (22–31)a | 27 (6.0) | |
| Oxygen saturation, %, median (IQR) | 98 (97–99) | NR | 97.5 (96–99) | |
| Palpable liver, n (%) | 24.0 | 24.3 | 40 | |
| Palpable spleen, n (%) | 5.9 | 15 | 33 | |
| Rash, n (%) | 4.3 | NR | NR | |
a
Median (IQR)
b
mean (SD)
NR: not reported