Table 2.
Clinical laboratory features in adults with knowlesi malaria enrolled in prospective studies.
| District hospital studies | Tertiary referral hospital study | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristic | Grigg et al. (2018a) Sabah, Malaysia n=481 (437 adults) | Daneshvar et al. (2009) Sarawak, Malaysia n=121 (113 adults) | Barber et al. (2013) Sabah, Malaysia n=130 | ||
| Non-severe | Severe | ||||
| Parasite count, parasites/μL, median (IQR) | 2541 (478–8585) | 1387 (6–222,570) | 4837 (1576–14,641) | 80,359 (25874–168,279) | |
| Trophozoite proportion, mean % (SD) | NR | NR | 49 | 42 | |
| Schizont proportion, mean % (SD) | 2 (5.4) | NR | 0 (0–1.25)a | 0.79 (0–11.1)a | |
| Parasite count >20,000/μL, (%) | 15 | NR | 16 | 79 | |
| Haemoglobin, g/dL, mean (SD) | 13.2 (12.1–14.3)a | 13.3 (12–14.3)a | 12.8 (1.6)b | 12.1 (1.8)b | |
| White blood cell count, ×103/μL, median (IQR) | 6.1 (5.1–7.6) | 5.6 (4.7–7.0) | 6.1 (5.0–7.2) | 6.6 (5.6–9.8) | |
| Neutrophil count, ×103/μL, median (IQR) | 3.5 (2.6–4.5) | 3.7 (1.8)b | 3.4 (2.5–4.4) | 4.7 (3.5–7.6) | |
| Lymphocyte count, ×103/μL, median (IQR) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) | 1.5 (1.1–2.0) | 1.6 (1.0–2.0) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) | |
| Monocyte count, ×103/μL, median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | NR | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | |
| Platelet count, ×103/μL, median (IQR) | 70 (50–103) | 71 (35)b | 51 (35–81) | 29 (20–49) | |
| Platelet nadir, ×103/μL, median (IQR) | 60 (42–83) | NR | 42 (25–62) | 27 (18–46) | |
| Platelet nadir, median days (IQR) | 1 (1–1) | NR | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | |
| Thrombocytopenia (platelets <150×103/μL), (%) | 92 | 98 | 99 (nadir) | 100 (nadir) | |
| Creatinine, μmol/L, median (IQR) | 88 (75–103) | 86 (73–100) | 92 (78–110) | 141 (101–213) | |
| Sodium, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 136 (134–139) | 137 (135–140) | 134 (3.2)b | 131 (4.6)b | |
| Bilirubin, μmol/L, median (IQR) | 17.1 (11.8–24.6) | 13 (9–18) | 16.6 (12.9–24.8) | 42.1 (26–66.8) | |
| Glucose, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 6.4 (5.6–7.4) | 6.2 (5.3–6.7) | 6.7 (5.8–7.8) | 7.7 (6.4–9.5) | |
| Albumin, g/dL, median (IQR) | 36 (30–40) | 36 (33–39) | 30.5 (4.7)b | 26.6 (5.3)b | |
| AST, IU/L, median (IQR) | 34 (23–47) | NR | 39 (26–49) | 58 (44–79) | |
| ALT, IU/L, median (IQR) | 37 (24–56) | 36 (25–54) | 35 (21–56) | 36 (19–51) | |
| Bicarbonate, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 24 (21–27) | NR | 24.8 (3.8)b | 21.6 (4.9)b | |
| Acute kidney injury, KDIGO criteria (%) | 83 (19) | NR | NR | NR | |
a
Median (IQR).
b
mean (SD).
NR: not reported.