Table 3.
Lung ultrasound outcomes at COVID-19 follow-up related to symptoms, gender and quality of life measured by EQ-5D-5L questionnaire at follow-up and analytical parameters at admission. Data are given as mean ± SD (mean ± standard deviation) and number of patients (percentage). Abbreviations: LUS, Lung Ultrasound Score; ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CRP, C reactive protein;; IL-6, interleukin-6; CK, creatine kinase; EQ-5D-5L, EuroQol - 5 Dimension - 5 Level questionnaire; EQ-VAS, EuroQol questionnaire Visual Analogue Scale.
| LUNG ULTRASOUND FINDINGS AT FOLLOW UP RELATED TO POST-COVID SYMPTOMS AT FOLLOW-UP | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LUSS 0 | LUSS 1 - 15 | LUSS > 15 | P value | ||
| Total (n = 77),n(%) | 18 (23,3) | 56 (72,7) | 3 (3,8) | – | |
| Asymptomatic (n = 10) | 5 (50) | 5 (50) | 0 (0) | 0,106 | |
| Symptomatic (n = 67) | 13 (19,4) | 51 (76,1) | 3 (4,4) | ||
| – Respiratory symptoms (n = 53),n(%) | 11 (20,7) | 39 (73,5) | 3 (5,6) | 0,254 | |
| – Non-respiratory symptoms (n = 60),n(%) | 11 (18,3) | 46 (76,6) | 3 (5) | 0,096 | |
| LUNG ULTRASOUND FINDINGS AT FOLLOW-UP ACCORDING TO ADMISSION SEVERITY | |||||
| LUSS 0 | LUSS 1 - 15 | LUSS > 15 | P value | ||
| Mild (n = 17),n(%) | 9 (53) | 8 (47) | 0 (0) | ||
| Moderate (n = 49),n(%) | 7 (14) | 41 (84) | 1 (2) | 0.002 | |
| Severe (n = 11),n(%) | 2 (18) | 7 (64) | 2 (18) | ||
| LUNG ULTRASOUND FINDINGS AT FOLLOW-UP ACCORDING TO GENDER | |||||
| Male group (n = 40) | Female group (n = 37) | P value | |||
| LUSS, mean ±SD | 5,40 ± 5,22 | 1,84 ± 2,43 |
0,001 0,016 |
||
| LUSS 0 | 9 | 18 | |||
| LUSS ≥ 1 | 31 | 19 | |||
| LUNG ULTRASOUND FINDINGS AT FOLLOW UP RELATED TO BIOMARKERS AT ADMISSION | |||||
| LUSS 0 | LUSS ≥ 1 | P value | |||
| ALT, U/L, mean ±SD | 59,92 ± 50,26 | 55,80 ± 38,02 | 0,687 | ||
| AST, U/L, mean ±SD | 21,81 ± 5,65 | 24,13 ± 14,94 | 0,625 | ||
| LDH, mg/dl, mean ±SD | 327,59 ± 158,42 | 381,54 ± 181,53 | 0,198 | ||
| CRP, mg/dl, mean ±SD | 5,80 ± 5,75 | 10,81 ± 8,78 | 0,004 | ||
| Procalcitonin, mg/ml, mean ±SD | 0,11 ± 0,12 | 32 ± 0,36 | 0,291 | ||
| Ferritin, ng/ml, mean ±SD | 1403,90 ± 3897,74 | 1080,30 ± 631,52 | 0,626 | ||
| IL-6, pg/ml, mean ±SD | 17,27 ± 24,53 | 49,92 ± 48,03 | 0,020 | ||
| Creatin Kinase, mean ±SD | 126,68 ± 129,37 | 416,89 ± 1020,60 | 0,080 | ||
| LUNG ULTRASOUND FINDINGS AT FOLLOW UP RELATED TO QUALITY-OF-LIFE (5Q-5D-5L QUESTIONNAIRE) AT FOLLOW-UP | |||||
| LUSS 0 | LUSS ≥ 1 | P value | |||
| EQ - VAS, mean ±SD (n = 43) | 76,35 ± 17,56 | 67,50 ± 17,45 | 0,112 | ||
| – In male patients, mean ±SD (n = 24) | 83,38 ± 14,38 | 65,63 ± 16,82 | 0,018 | ||
| – In female patients, mean ±SD (n = 19) | 70,11 ± 18,51 | 70,50 ± 18,92 | 0,964 | ||