FIG. 1.

Schematic diagram of the thin film electrochemical flow cell designed for microscopic observations. Bacterial suspension is pumped into the chamber through stainless steel liquid inlets (L in and L out) at a controlled flow. The thin-film gold WE is placed facing down and microscopic observations are made from the back. A platinum wire CE circumvents the light path on the bottom of the chamber to ensure a uniform current distribution. The reference electrode (RE) is connected through a salt bridge to improve conductivity.