TABLE 3.

Marginal effects and standard errors for variables associated with in‐patient diabetes costs, estimated using generalised linear models with an inverse Gaussian distribution and a 1.5 power link function

Variable	Type 1 diabetes		Type 2 diabetes
	inpatient costs € marginal effects (standard errors)	p‐value	inpatient costs € marginal effects (standard errors)	p‐value
Sex
Men (reference category (Ref))
Women	−866 (205)	< 0.001	62 (52)	0.232
Age
< 30 years (Ref)
30–44 years	−449 (239)	0.060	121 (212)	0.568
45–59 years	86 (341)	0.800	452 (199)	0.023
60–74 years	54 (337)	0.872	697 (192)	< 0.001
75+ years	12 (322)	0.970	855 (191)	< 0.001
Admission type
Elective (Ref)
Unscheduled	−1578 (748)	0.035	−2108 (224)	< 0.001
Primary diagnosis
Not primary diagnosis (Ref)
Primary diagnosis	654 (242)	0.007	330 (133)	0.014
Complications
No diabetes complications (Ref)
1 diabetes complication	165 (218)	0.449	536 (68)	< 0.001
2 diabetes complications	390 (563)	0.489	719 (177)	< 0.001
3 or more complications	−216 (510)	0.672	848 (374)	0.023
Insurance
Public (Ref)
Private	416 (415)	0.317	176 (118)	0.134
Discharge destination
Self‐discharged	−20 (512)	0.969	−315 (194)	0.104
Residence (return home) (Ref)
Nursing/care home	1307 (1307)	0.289	633 (133)	< 0.001
Emergency transfer	−1030 (1233)	0.289	533 (197)	0.007
Psychiatric hospital	n/a	n/a	766 (488)	0.117
Hospice	n/a	n/a	1946 (902)	0.031
Died	22968 (37891)	0.544	6795 (1050)	< 0.001
Length of stay (Days)	260 (48)	< 0.001	216 (9)	< 0.001
Year
2013 (Ref)
2014	38 (297)	0.897	99 (101)	0.329
2015	85 (285)	0.766	51 (91)	0.572
2016	120 (220)	0.584	449 (98)	< 0.001
2017	−171 (256)	0.505	191 (93)	0.041

Abbreviation: Ref, reference category; IG, inverse Gaussian; AIC, Akaike Information Criterion.