Table 1.

Recorded and complete clinical trials using A. muciniphila administration.

Clinical trial registry number	Type of study	Target disease	Administered A. muciniphila preparation	Protocol of administration	Main results	References
NCT02637115	Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study	Overweight/obese insulin-resistant volunteers	1010 A. muciniphila either live or pasteurized, frozen in glycerol	Daily oral supplementation for 3 months	Improved insulin sensitivity and reduced plasma total cholesterol, fat mass, plasma GTT, AST, LPS, LDH, and creatine kinase	(48)
					A. muciniphila counteracted the plasma decrease in 1-PG and 2-PG, endogenous activators of PPARα that may underlie part of the beneficial metabolic effects induced by A. muciniphila	(49)
NCT03893422	Randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, double-blind study	Adults with T2D	WBF-011: mixed in capsules, which contained inulin, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium beijerinckii, C. butyricum, Bifidobacterium infantis, and Anaerobutyricum hallii	Three capsules two times a day within 30 min of morning and evening meals, for 12 weeks	Decrease in total glucose and improvement in glycated hemoglobin	(50)
					Increase in circulating butyrate or ursodeoxycholate, evidencing the need for strategies directed to the microbiome to control T2D	(51)

GTT, γ-glutamyltransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; LPS, lipopolysaccharide, LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; 1-PG, 1-palmitoyl-glycerol; 2-PG, 2-palmitoyl-glycerol; PPARα, peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor alpha.