Table 2.
The microbiological etiology of polymicrobial fracture-related infections.
| No. | Fracture type | Pathogen 1 | Pathogen 2 | Pathogen 3 | Pathogen 4 | Pathogen 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Closed | Enterococcus faecalis | Enterobacter cloacae | |||
| 2 | Closed | S. lugdunensis | C. acnes | |||
| 3 | Closed | Enterobacter cloacae* | Enterobacter cloacae* | |||
| 4 | Closed | S. epidermidis | S. capitis | Corynebacterium simulans | ||
| 5 | Closed | S. epidermidis | Strep. agalactiae | Enterobacter cloacae | ||
| 6 | Closed | S. epidermidis | Bacillus cereus | C. acnes | ||
| 7 | Closed | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Enterococcus faecalis | Proteus mirabilis | ||
| 8 | Closed | S. epidermidis | Enterobacter cloacae | S. pettenkoferi | ||
| 9 | Closed | S. aureus | Enterobacter cloacae | |||
| 10 | Closed | S. epidermidis | S. warneri | |||
| 11 | Closed | S. aureus | S. capitis | |||
| 12 | Closed | S. epidermidis | S. haemolyticus | |||
| 13 | Closed | S. simulans | Enterobacter cloacae | |||
| 14 | Closed | Proteus mirabilis | Enterobacter aerogenes | |||
| 15 | Closed | Escherichia coli | Enterobacter cloacae | |||
| 16 | Closed | S. saccharolyticus | S. lugdunensis | |||
| 17 | Closed | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Proteus mirabilis | Strep. agalactiae | Strep. anginosus | |
| 18 | Closed | S. aureus | S. lugdunensis | |||
| 19 | Closed | Peptoniphilus harei | S. capitis | |||
| 20 | Closed | S. epidermidis | S. lugdunensis | S. capitis | ||
| 21 | Closed | Enterobacter cloacae | Alcaligenes faecalis | |||
| 22 | Closed | S. aureus | Strep. agalactiae | |||
| 23 | Closed | S. epidermidis | Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum | |||
| 24 | Closed | Citrobacter freundii | Klebsiella oxytoca | |||
| 25 | Closed | S. epidermidis | S. capitis | |||
| 26 | Closed | S. simulans | Acinetobacter spp. | |||
| 27 | Closed | S. aureus | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | |||
| 28 | Closed | Citrobacter koseri | Proteus mirabilis | |||
| 29 | Closed | S. aureus | S. epidermidis | |||
| 30 | Closed | S. aureus* | S. aureus* | |||
| 31 | Closed | S. aureus | S. epidermidis | |||
| 32 | Closed | S. aureus | Enterococcus faecalis | |||
| 33 | Closed | S. capitis | C. acnes | |||
| 34 | Closed | S. epidermidis | S. warneri | |||
| 35 | Closed | S. auricularis | S. lugdunensis | S. capitis | C. acnes | |
| 36 | Closed | S. capitis | S. hominis | |||
| 37 | Open | S. epidermidis | Enterococcus faecalis | |||
| 38 | Open | S. epidermidis | Enterococcus faecium | S. pettenkoferi | ||
| 39 | Open | Enterococcus mundtii | Pseudomonas putida | Enterococcus hirae | Clostridium spp. | Serratia fonticola |
| 40 | Open | Escherichia coli | Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | |||
| 41 | Open | Escherichia coli | Enterococcus faecalis | Morganella morganii | Proteus mirabilis | |
| 42 | Open | Enterococcus faecalis | Enterobacter cloacae | |||
| 43 | Open | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Enterobacter cloacae | |||
| 44 | Open | S. epidermidis | Bacillus cereus | |||
| 45 | Open | Escherichia coli | Aeromonas hydrophilia | |||
| 46 | Open | S. aureus | Strep. group C | Strep. agalactiae | ||
| 47 | Open | S. schleiferi | Acinetobacter spp. | |||
| 48 | Open | Strep. mitis | Enterobacter cloacae | |||
| 49 | Open | S. aureus | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
*Different strains of same pathogen; S., Staphylococcus; Strep., Streptococcus; C., Cutibacterium.