Table 1.

Cytokine milieu for development and functions of TH cell subsets

Cytokine milieu	Subset of T-cell	Markers for the cell	Cytokine secreted and function
IL12, IFN γ	TH1	STAT4, TBX21, T-bet	IFN γ; Intracellular bacteria
IL4	TH2	STAT6, GATA3	IL4, IL5, IL13
IL6, TGFβ	TH17	STAT3, ROR γ	IL17, IL21; Extracellular bacteria, fungi
IL6, IL21	TFH	STAT3, BCL6, Ascl2	IL21; B cell help
TGFβ	T reg	STAT5, FOXP3	TGFβ, IL10; Regulatory function