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Changes of surface physiochemical property after PDA modification on different biomaterials. Changes of surface morphology observed by (A) SEM and (D) AFM images; (B) Changes of surface wettability; Changes of chemical conponents detected by (C) Raman spectra and (E) XPS analysis, the characteristic peaks of PDA can be observed (Wang H. et al., 2019). Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.
