TABLE 1.

Functional metallic ions applied in PDA-mediated multifunctional coatings.

Ions	Techniques	Advantages	References
Ag+	Dip-coating and subsequent reduction	Antibiosis	Tejido-Rastrilla et al. (2018), Han et al. (2019), Tejido-Rastrilla et al. (2019), Xie et al. (2019), Deng et al. (2020b), Albashari et al. (2021)
Sr2+	Hydrothermal; Electrochemistry; Dip-coating	Improving bone remodeling; Angiogenesis	Wei et al. (2017), Shengnan Wang et al. (2019), Cheng et al. (2021), Yiting Sun et al. (2021), Bingbing Wang et al. (2021)
Mg2+	Dip-coating	Enhanced new bone formation	Ma et al. (2020)
Zn2+	Dip-coating	Improving bone remodeling; Antiinflammation	Peng et al. (2021)
Cu2+	Dip-coating; Spin-coating	Antibiosis; Less toxicity	Mingjun Li et al. (2021), Lei Wang et al. (2021), Yan et al. (2021)