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. 2022 Jul 7;13:896204. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.896204

Table 1.

Demographic, cardiorespiratory, and multidimensional dyspnea profile data; group comparisons and changes.

PWE (n = 10) HC (n = 10) p-value
Age, mean ±SD 35.9 ± 14.2 33.4 ± 7.3 P = 0.63
Sex, N 5 M, 5 F 5 M, 5 F
BMI, mean ±SD 22.7 ± 4.2 25.6 ± 6.1 P = 0.23
Cardiovascular measurements Baseline, mean ±SD
 ∘ Systolic 121.4 ± 16.4 127.3 ± 12.5 P = 0.91
 ∘ Diastolic 70.2 ± 8.9 75.7 ± 7.1 P = 0.14
 ∘ Mean arterial pressure 87.3 ± 10.9 92.9 ± 7.93 P = 0.20
 ∘ SpO2 97.8 ± 1.5 98.4 ± 1.0 P = 0.30
Post-challenge changes, mean ±SD
 ∘ Systolic 5.8 ± 12.8 −2.7 ± 10.4 P = 0.12
 ∘ Diastolic 3.0 ± 7.02 −2.0 ± 8.2 P = 0.36
 ∘ Mean arterial pressure 3.9 ± 8.0 −1.0 ± 7.8 P = 0.18
 ∘ SpO2 1.4 ± 1.3 0.50 ± 1.3 P = 0.13
Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP)
Sensation/Response (0–10 scale)
Unpleasant/discomfort 3.2 ± 2.2 3.7 ± 3.1 P = 0.68
 Requires effort 3.8 ± 3.1 3.3 ± 3.1 P = 0.72
 Not getting enough air 2.4 ± 2.2 3.7 ± 2.8 P = 0.26
 Feel constricted 1.6 ± 1.6 1.6 ± 1.8 P = 1.00
 Requires mental effort 3.7 ± 3.1 4.3 ± 3.9 P = 0.71
 Breathing a lot 4.7 ± 3.5 5.4 ± 2.5 P = 0.62
 Depressed 0.1 ± 0.3 0.6 ± 1.9 P = 0.42
 Anxious 6.5 ± 8.9 4.2 ± 3.6 P = 0.46
 Frustrated 1.0 ± 2.2 0.0 ± 0.0 P = 0.17
 Angry 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0
 Afraid 1.5 ± 2.7 2.2 ± 3.7 P = 0.63
HHS Vulnerability Disclosure