Table 1.
Demographic, cardiorespiratory, and multidimensional dyspnea profile data; group comparisons and changes.
PWE (n = 10) | HC (n = 10) | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age, mean ±SD | 35.9 ± 14.2 | 33.4 ± 7.3 | P = 0.63 |
Sex, N | 5 M, 5 F | 5 M, 5 F | |
BMI, mean ±SD | 22.7 ± 4.2 | 25.6 ± 6.1 | P = 0.23 |
Cardiovascular measurements Baseline, mean ±SD | |||
∘ Systolic | 121.4 ± 16.4 | 127.3 ± 12.5 | P = 0.91 |
∘ Diastolic | 70.2 ± 8.9 | 75.7 ± 7.1 | P = 0.14 |
∘ Mean arterial pressure | 87.3 ± 10.9 | 92.9 ± 7.93 | P = 0.20 |
∘ SpO2 | 97.8 ± 1.5 | 98.4 ± 1.0 | P = 0.30 |
Post-challenge changes, mean ±SD | |||
∘ Systolic | 5.8 ± 12.8 | −2.7 ± 10.4 | P = 0.12 |
∘ Diastolic | 3.0 ± 7.02 | −2.0 ± 8.2 | P = 0.36 |
∘ Mean arterial pressure | 3.9 ± 8.0 | −1.0 ± 7.8 | P = 0.18 |
∘ SpO2 | 1.4 ± 1.3 | 0.50 ± 1.3 | P = 0.13 |
Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP) | |||
Sensation/Response (0–10 scale) | |||
Unpleasant/discomfort | 3.2 ± 2.2 | 3.7 ± 3.1 | P = 0.68 |
Requires effort | 3.8 ± 3.1 | 3.3 ± 3.1 | P = 0.72 |
Not getting enough air | 2.4 ± 2.2 | 3.7 ± 2.8 | P = 0.26 |
Feel constricted | 1.6 ± 1.6 | 1.6 ± 1.8 | P = 1.00 |
Requires mental effort | 3.7 ± 3.1 | 4.3 ± 3.9 | P = 0.71 |
Breathing a lot | 4.7 ± 3.5 | 5.4 ± 2.5 | P = 0.62 |
Depressed | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 1.9 | P = 0.42 |
Anxious | 6.5 ± 8.9 | 4.2 ± 3.6 | P = 0.46 |
Frustrated | 1.0 ± 2.2 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | P = 0.17 |
Angry | 0.0 ± 0.0 | 0.0 ± 0.0 | – |
Afraid | 1.5 ± 2.7 | 2.2 ± 3.7 | P = 0.63 |