Table 5.
Variable | Regardless of spatial effects | Consider the spatial effect | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Spatial durbin model (SDM) | Spatial autoregressive model (SAR) | Spatial error model (SEM) | ||
Population concentration | 0.121*** −5.4 |
0.191*** −5.3 |
0.171*** −5.5 |
0.126*** −5.4 |
Population concentration square term | −0.031*** (−4.12) |
−0.041*** (−5.13) |
−0.041*** (−5.69) |
−0.023*** (−4.11) |
Degree of government intervention | 0.021 (1.51) |
0.014 (1.54) |
0.013 (1.41) |
0.031 (1.44) |
Level of financial development | 0.018*** (3.22) |
0.011*** (3.21) |
0.044*** (3.31) |
0.031*** (3.3) |
Level of informatization | 0.057*** (4.61) |
0.049*** (4.51) |
0.049*** (4.57) |
0.046*** (4.37) |
Degree of openness | −0.013 (−1.31) |
−0.012* (−1.24) |
−0.014 (−1.51) |
−0.014 (−1.51) |
ρ/λ | 0.310*** (3.67) |
0.33*** (4.01) |
0.39*** (4.1) |
|
R 2 | 0.865 | 0.712 | 0.591 | 0.541 |
logL | 212.12 | 289.21 | 277.34 | 278.84 |
N | 600 | 600 | 600 | 600 |
represent P < 0.01, P < 0.05, and P < 0.1, respectively.