Table 1. Baseline Patient Characteristics.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients (n = 2645) | Within MC (n = 2122) | Downstaged to within MC (n = 341) | Beyond MC (n = 182) | ||
| Age at transplant, median (IQR), y | 59.9 (54.7-64.7) | 60 (55-64.9) | 59.4 (54.8-64.2) | 59.5 (53-64.4) | .53 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 617 (23.3) | 518 (24.4) | 62 (18.2) | 37 (20.3) | .03 |
| Male | 2028 (76.7) | 1604 (75.6) | 279 (81.8) | 145 (79.7) | |
| Underlying liver disease | |||||
| Hepatitis C | 1585 (59.9) | 1299 (61.2) | 182 (53.4) | 104 (57.1) | <.001 |
| Hepatitis B | 384 (14.5) | 297 (14) | 64 (18.8) | 23 (12.6) | |
| Alcoholic liver disease | 217 (8.2) | 177 (8.3) | 28 (8.2) | 12 (6.6) | |
| Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis | 134 (5.1) | 107 (5) | 21 (6.2) | 6 (3.3) | |
| Other (ie, primary biliary cirrhosis, cryptogenic, autoimmune) | 200 (7.6) | 142 (6.7) | 22 (6.5) | 36 (19.8) | |
| Unknown | 125 (4.7) | 100 (4.7) | 24 (7) | 1 (0.6) | |
| Size of largest tumor at diagnosis, median (IQR), cm | 2.6 (2-3.6) | 2.4 (2-3) | 4.5 (3.4-5.7) | 3.7 (2.7-5.1) | <.001 |
| No. of tumors at diagnosis, median (IQR) | 1 (1-2) | 1 (1-2) | 2 (1-2) | 2 (1-3) | <.001 |
| MC at time of transplant | |||||
| Within | 2463 (93.1) | 2122 (100) | 341 (100) | NA | NA |
| Beyond | 182 (6.9) | NA | NA | 182 (100) | |
| No. of pretransplant locoregional therapies | |||||
| 0 | 388 (14.7) | 342 (16.2) | NA | 45 (24.7) | <.001 |
| 1 | 871 (32.9) | 773 (36.4) | 74 (21.7) | 24 (13.2) | |
| 2 | 760 (28.7) | 564 (26.6) | 126 (37) | 70 (38.5) | |
| ≥3 | 612 (23.1) | 435 (20.5) | 134 (39.3) | 43 (23.6) | |
| α-Fetoprotein at time of transplant, ng/mL | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 9 (4.9-32.5) | 8.4 (4.7-27.6) | 10 (5-42.6) | 24.2 (8.2-107.1) | <.001 |
| <20 | 1711 (64.7) | 1422 (67) | 212 (62.2) | 77 (42.3) | <.001 |
| 20-199 | 600 (22.7) | 456 (21.5) | 84 (24.6) | 60 (33) | |
| 200-1000 | 164 (6.2) | 123 (5.8) | 23 (6.7) | 18 (9.9) | |
| >1000 | 67 (2.5) | 44 (2.1) | 10 (2.9) | 13 (7.1) | |
| Unknown | 103 (3.9) | 77 (3.6) | 12 (3.5) | 14 (7.7) | |
| Maximum pretransplant α-fetoprotein, ng/mL | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 20.5 (7.3-107.4) | 18.8 (7-88) | 32 (10-194.3) | 41.2 (12.3-256.7) | <.001 |
| <20 | 1287 (48.7) | 1087 (51.2) | 141 (41.4) | 59 (32.4) | <.001 |
| 20-199 | 853 (32.2) | 666 (31.4) | 114 (33.4) | 73 (40.1) | |
| 200-1000 | 322 (12.2) | 249 (11.7) | 45 (13.2) | 28 (15.4) | |
| >1000 | 161 (6.1) | 104 (4.9) | 37 (10.9) | 20 (11) | |
| Laboratory MELD score, median (IQR) | 12 (9-17) | 12 (9-17) | 11 (8-15) | 13 (9-19) | <.001 |
| Unknown | 169 (6.4) | 134 (6.3) | 31 (9.1) | 4 (2.2) | |
| Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio at time of transplant, median (IQR) | 2.7 (1.8-4.4) | 2.8 (1.8-4.4) | 2.5 (1.7-4.1) | 2.9 (1.7-4.8) | .12 |
| Unknown | 170 (6.4) | 142 (6.7) | 20 (5.9) | 8 (4.4) | |
| Donor type | |||||
| Deceased | 2535 (95.8) | 2053 (96.8) | 323 (94.7) | 159 (87.4) | <.001 |
| Living | 108 (4.1) | 68 (3.2) | 18 (5.3) | 22 (12.1) | |
| Size of largest viable tumor on explant pathology, median (IQR), cm | 2 (0.2-3.3) | 1.8 (0-3) | 2.4 (0.4-3.8) | 4 (2.3-5.5) | <.001 |
| Tumor differentiation | |||||
| Complete necrosis/no viable tumor | 626 (23.7) | 530 (25) | 77 (22.6) | 19 (10.4) | <.001 |
| Well differentiated | 516 (19.5) | 417 (19.7) | 67 (19.6) | 32 (17.6) | |
| Moderately differentiated | 1161 (43.9) | 920 (43.4) | 153 (44.9) | 88 (48.4) | |
| Poorly differentiated | 291 (11) | 216 (10.2) | 39 (11.4) | 36 (19.8) | |
| Vascular invasion on explant pathology | |||||
| None | 2048 (77.4) | 1690 (79.6) | 258 (75.7) | 100 (54.9) | <.001 |
| Microvascular | 519 (19.6) | 382 (18) | 69 (20.2) | 68 (37.4) | |
| Macrovascular | 77 (2.9) | 49 (2.3) | 14 (4.1) | 14 (7.7) | |
Abbreviations: MC, Milan criteria; MELD, Model for End-stage Liver Disease; NA, not applicable.