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. 2022 Apr 26;19:348–359. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.019

Table 2.

Epicardial elastin fiber orientation presented as Mean ± Standard Deviation. The orientation data were obtained from the full thickness projection of each location, covering LV base region, LV middle region, and LV apex region. The circumferential direction of ventricle, i.e., horizontal direction of the image, was defined as 0° angle. Four porcine hearts were used for the orientation measurement.

N = 4
Unit: degree (°)
Epicardial Elastin Fiber Orientation (Mean ± Standard Deviation)
Base region B1 −8.9 ± 8.4
B2 −48.8 ± 5.9
B3 14.5 ± 18.4
B4 −1.5 ± 2.8
B5 −6.0 ± 0.7
Middle region M1 −26.8 ± 35.4
M2 −64.2 ± 22.0
M3 −1.0 ± 0.7
M4 −33.5 ± 1.4
Apex region A1 −70.5 ± 1.4
A2 −1.8 ± 4.7
A3 −82.8 ± 3.9