Table 1.
Patient characteristics and perioperative data.
| patients n = 25 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 59 (45, 75) | |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 25 (100) | |
| Weight, kg | 84 (65, 97) | |
| Height, cm | 181 (164, 194) | |
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2 | 25 (21, 30) | |
| Comorbidities Hypertension, n (%) Diabetes, n Nicotine use, n (%) |
2 (8) 0 4 (16) |
|
| ASA classification | ||
| I, n; II, n; III & IV, n | 14; 11; 0 | |
| Mini Mental State Exam, score | 30 (27, 30) | |
| Pre-operative laboratory results | ||
| Blood hemoglobin, g/L | 146 (133, 168) | |
| Serum creatinine, µmol/L | 87 (66, 109) | |
| WBC count, x10^9/L | 5,5 (3,7, 8,3) | |
| Ongoing medication | ||
| Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, n | 2 | |
| Opioids, n | 1 | |
| Educational level, years in school | ||
| <9 yrs, n (%), high school | 1 (4) | |
| 9-12 yrs, n (%), gymnasium/college | 10 (40) | |
| >12 yrs, n (%), higher education | 14 (56) | |
| Perioperative data | ||
| SPA, n (%) | 25 (100) | |
| Propofol induction, mg | 180 (70, 350) | n=24 |
| Remifentanil, total amount, mg | 3,14 (0,25, 5,02) | n=13 |
| Rocuronium, mg | 50 (40, 60) | n=18 |
| Vasopressor, n | 24 | |
| Phenylephrine, tot amount, mg | 0,2 (0,05, 0,65) | n=13 |
| Ephedrine, tot amount, mg | 27,5 (5, 45) | n=21 |
| Duration of surgery, min | 156 (76, 212) | |
| Bleeding, ml | 100 (0, 400) | |
| Intravenous fluids, Acetated Ringer, ml | 1650 (500, 2500) | n=22 |
| Albumin, ml | 250 (100, 250) | n=7 |
| Post-operative data | ||
| PACU length of stay, minutes | 239 (145, 455) | |
| Hospitalization total, hours | 32,2 (30,6, 58,1) | |
| Intravenous fluids, 24 hrs including OR, ml | 2300 (1200, 3600) | |
| Medications | ||
| IV opioid, mg oral morphine equivalents PlPACU to 24 hrs post-surgery | 17 (7,5, 35) | |
| NSAID, n | 1 | |
| Clonidine (α-receptor antagonist), n | 1 | |
| Benzodiazepine, single dose pre-op, n | 2 | |
| Benzodiazepine, single dose post-op, n | 1 | |
| Droperidol, n | 1 | |
| Post-operative NRS score | Pain | Nausea |
| 5 h | 3 (0, 4) | 0 (0, 4) |
| 24 h | 3 (0, 5) | 0 (0, 6) |
| 72 h | 1 (0, 5) | 0 (0, 3) |
| 14 d | 0 (0, 3) | 0 (0, 0) |
| 6-8 w | 0 (0, 4) | 0 (0, 0) |
| 6 months | 0 (0, 3) | 0 (0, 0) |
Values are median (min, max). Age in years. SPA, spinal anaesthesia; NMBA, neuro muscular blocking agents; PACU, Post-Anaesthesia Care Unit; NRS, Numeric Rating Scale; OR, operating room.