Figure 7.

Model for IAPP aggregation catalyzed by membranes containing anionic lipids. (A) IAPP can bind to the membrane in different conformations, some of which may lead to nucleation. Multiple DOPS molecules (red) are involved in the formation of a nucleus (green β-hairpin). (B) Fibril elongation occurs at least to some extent on the membrane surface but does not depend on the DOPS content. (C) Secondary nucleation occurs at the interface between existing fibrils and DOPS molecules. With increasing DOPS content (bottom row), both primary and secondary nucleation are more strongly catalyzed.