Table 1.
Summary of dataset characteristics and radiologist mRALE scores.
| Hospital 1 Outpatient Dataset (United States) Patients presenting for outpatient imaging who tested positive by COVID-19 RT-PCR | Hospital 2 Emergency Test Set (Brazil) Patients presenting to emergency department with suspected COVID-19 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Training/validation set | Outpatient test set | P-value* | All | RT-PCR positive | RT-PCR negative | P-value† | |
| CXRs, N | 358 | 250 | 108 | 303 | 203 | 100 | ||
| Unique Patients, N | 349 | 248 | 106 | 242 | 167 | 75 | ||
| Age (years),median (Q1–Q3) | 53 (41–64) | 52 (41–65) | 53 (41–63) | 0.9 | 41 (33–52) | 40 (33–50) | 44 (33–52) | 0.2 |
| Sex, N women (%) | 186 (52%) | 132 (53%) | 54 (50%) | 0.7 | 175 (58%) | 113 (56%) | 62 (62%) | 0.4 |
| mRALE, median (Q1–Q3) | 1.0 (0–3.5) | 1.0 (0–3.0) | 1.0 (0–4.5) | 0.2 | 0.3 (0–2.7) | 0.3 (0–2.8) | 0.3 (0–1.8) | 0.6 |
| mRALE, N (%) | ||||||||
| mRALE = 0 | 123 (34%) | 88 (35%) | 35 (32%) | 122 (40%) | 84 (41%) | 38 (38%) | ||
| 0 < mRALE ≤ 4 | 164 (46%) | 122 (49%) | 42 (39%) | 126 (42%) | 78 (38%) | 48 (48%) | ||
| 4 < mRALE ≤ 10 | 58 (16%) | 30 (12%) | 28 (26%) | 29 (10%) | 22 (11%) | 7 (7%) | ||
| mRALE > 10 | 13 (4%) | 10 (4%) | 3 (3%) | 26 (9%) | 19 (9%) | 7 (7%) | ||
*
P-value for comparison of internal test set with training/validation set;
†
p-value for comparison of patients who tested positive vs negative by COVID-19 RT-PCR.
mRALE, Modified Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema, N, Number, Q1–Q3, Quartile 1 to Quartile 3 (i.e. interquartile range).