Table 1.
General characteristics of included population (n = 1034).
| Characteristics | Hypertension (n = 386) | Controls (n = 648) | t/χ 2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 54.99 ± 9.12 | 55.19 ± 9.81 | −0.303 | .762 |
| Gender | 4.922 | .027 | ||
| Male | 211 (54.7) | 308 (47.5) | ||
| Female | 175 (45.3) | 340 (52.5) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.43 ± 3.79 | 25.31 ± 3.41 | 4.921 | <.001 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 145.75 ± 14.13 | 120.01 ± 10.34 | 31.177 | <.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 91.93 ± 8.68 | 76.56 ± 7.05 | 29.463 | <.001 |
| Triglyceride | 1.96 ± 1.48 | 1.75 ± 1.37 | 2.346 | .019 |
| Total cholesterol | 4.69 ± 0.96 | 4.56 ± 0.97 | 2.025 | .043 |
| High-density lipoprotein | 1.23 ± 0.29 | 1.24 ± 0.31 | −0.568 | .570 |
| Low-density lipoprotein | 2.62 ± 0.73 | 2.55 ± 0.73 | 1.304 | .193 |
| AGTR1 methylation (%) | 3.07 ± 2.28 | 3.33 ± 2.90 | −1.479 | .140 |
| Education | ||||
| ≤ Primary school | 147 (38.2) | 293 (45.4) | ||
| Junior high school | 175 (45.5) | 275 (42.6) | ||
| ≥ Senior high school | 63 (16.4) | 78 (12.1) | ||
| Smoking | 0.649 | .420 | ||
| Yes | 143 (37.0) | 224 (34.6) | ||
| No | 243 (63.0) | 424 (65.4) | ||
| Alcohol drinking | 0.435 | .509 | ||
| Yes | 81 (21.0) | 125 (19.3) | ||
| No | 305 (79.0) | 523 (80.7) | ||
| Fruits and vegetables intake | 0.475 | .491 | ||
| ≥ 500 g/d | 131 (34.0) | 207 (31.9) | ||
| < 500 g/d | 254 (66.0) | 441 (68.1) | ||
| Pickles intake* | 3.115 | .078 | ||
| ≥ 2 g/d | 121 (31.4) | 238 (36.8) | ||
| < 2 g/d | 264 (68.6) | 408 (63.2) | ||
| Family history of hypertension | 9.144 | .002 | ||
| Yes | 168 (43.5) | 221 (34.1) | ||
| No | 218 (56.5) | 427 (65.9) | ||
Values in bold are significant at P < 0.005.
AGTR1 = angiotensin II receptor type 1, BMI = body mass index, SBP = systolic blood pressure, DBP = diastolic blood pressure.
*
Pickles indicate the additional salt intake except for salt in daily diet.