Table 4.
Stratified analysis of the association between social media use and hesitancy toward COVID-19 vaccine booster shots.
| Subgroups | Time spent >1h （Reference: time spent <1h） |
Use traditional media （Reference: use public social media） |
Use official social media (Reference: use public social media) |
Use professional social media (Reference: use public social media) |
Moderate perceived importance (Reference: low perceived importance) |
High perceived importance (Reference: low perceived importance) |
Very high perceived importance (Reference: low perceived importance) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aOR a(95%CI) | p for difference | aOR a (95%CI) | p for difference | aOR a (95%CI) | p for difference | aOR a (95%CI) | p for difference | aOR a (95%CI) | p for difference | aOR a (95%CI) | p for difference | aOR (95%CI) | p for difference | |
| Sex | .447 | .483 | .787 | .724 | .275 | .913 | .535 | |||||||
| Male | 0.539 (0.228–1.158) | 3.126 (0.477–16.516) | 0.631 (0.382–1.028) | 1.633 (0.683–3.694) | 1.555 (0.719–3.539) | 0.219 (0.101–0.496) | 0.051 (0.017–0.141) | |||||||
| Female | 0.842 (0.348–1.818) | 6.811 (1.782–24.098) | 0.698 (0.399–1.189) | 1.283 (0.412–2.223) | 0.807 (0.347–1.998) | 0.234 (0.101–0.575) | 0.081 (0.029–0.222) | |||||||
| Age | .557 | .728 | .837 | .011 | .030 | <.001 | .007 | |||||||
| ≤30 | 0.691 (0.299–1.439) | 5.458 (1.403–18.766) | 0.685 (0.411–1.119) | 0.780 (0.269–1.930) | 3.183 (1.203–10.365) | 0.919 (0.352–2.966) | 0.242 (0.080–0.842) | |||||||
| >30 | 0.486 (0.191–1.125) | 3.616 (0.534–23.778) | 0.721 (0.0399–1.279) | 4.403 (1.717–10.802) | 0.759 (0.360–1.627) | 0.081 (0.036–0.180) | 0.028 (0.009–0.076) | |||||||
| Education | .621 | .416 | .978 | .820 | .410 | .416 | .508 | |||||||
| Less than Bachelor’s degree | 0.789 (0.276–2.000) | 1.933 (0.391–9.151) | 0.650 (0.309–1.305) | 1.448 (0.373–4.811) | 1.911 (0.632–6.477) | 0.383 (0.126–1.290) | 0.110 (0.028–0.430) | |||||||
| Bachelor’s Degree or higher | 0.581 (0.269–1.144) | 4.592 (1.057–17.255) | 0.658 (0.429–0.995) | 1.716 (0.800–3.459) | 1.097 (0.584–2.142) | 0.221 (0.117–0.431) | 0.065 (0.028–0.146) | |||||||
| Occupation | .348 | .859 | .867 | .983 | .624 | .742 | .962 | |||||||
| Employed | 0.782 (0.399–1.436) | 4.386 (0.974–8.313) | 0.676 (0.436–1.035) | 1.600 (0.770–3.142) | 1.264 (0.662–2.525) | 0.219 (0.114–0.441) | 0.072 (0.031–0.207) | |||||||
| Unemployed | 0.398 (0.096–1.261) | 3.638 (0.817–15.793) | 0.632 (0.316–1.219) | 1.630 (0.319–7.028) | 0.912 (0.305–2.927) | 0.273 (0.092–0.858) | 0.069 (0.018–0.255) | |||||||
| Marital status | .844 | .195 | .805 | .142 | .993 | .106 | .835 | |||||||
| Married | 0.708 (0.318–1.443) | 9.047 (1.899–36.108) | 0.719 (0.443–1.150) | 2.545 (1.095–5.521) | 1.163 (0.561–2.554) | 0.155 (0.073–0.345) | 0.061 (0.024–0.153) | |||||||
| Unmarried | 0.629 (0.233–1.495) | 2.393 (0.545–9.378) | 0.656 (0.367–1.140) | 0.948 (0.308–2.540) | 1.157 (0.492–2.880) | 0.400 (0.175–0.968) | 0.072 (0.022–0.218) | |||||||
p < .05 are marked in bold.
Odds ratios were adjusted for sociodemographic factors (region, sex, education, age group, marital status, occupation, monthly income (RMB), chronic disease (cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, or respiratory diseases), knowledge about COVID-19 and vaccines, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, cues to action, and the other two variables about social media.