Table 1.
Main characteristics of the study population among the non-obese and obese cohorts, total and stratified by gestational age at delivery.
| Non-obese cohort (n=2046) |
Obese cohort (n=396) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n=2046) | Preterm (GA < 37 weeks) (n=122) | Non-preterm (GA ≥ 37 weeks) (n=1924) | Total (n=396) | Preterm (GA < 37 weeks) (n=26) | Non-preterm (GA ≥ 37 weeks) (n=370) | |
| Age (years) | 28.3 ± 5.5 | 28.2 ± 6.0 | 28.3 ± 5.4 | 27.9 ± 5.6 | 29.3 ± 5.3 | 27.8 ± 5.6 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 563 (27.5) | 29 (23.8) | 534 (27.8) | 122 (30.8) | 12 (46.2) | 110 (29.7) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 517 (25.3) | 48 (39.3) | 469 (24.4) | 142 (35.9) | 7 (26.9) | 135 (36.5) |
| Hispanic | 576 (28.2) | 27 (22.1) | 549 (28.5) | 127 (32.1) | 6 (23.1) | 121 (32.7) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 390 (19.1) | 18 (14.8) | 372 (19.3) | 5 (1.3) | 1 (3.9) | 4 (1.1) |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 23.6 ± 3.0 | 24.2 ± 3.1 | 23.6 ± 3.0 | 34.5 ± 3.9 | 35.9 ± 4.1 | 34.4 ± 3.8 |
| Parity | ||||||
| 0 | 1001 (48.9) | 68 (55.7) | 933 (48.5) | 136 (34.3) | 8 (30.8) | 128 (34.6) |
| 1 | 703 (34.4) | 32 (26.2) | 671 (34.9) | 133 (33.6) | 8 (30.8) | 125 (33.8) |
| 2+ | 342 (16.7) | 22 (18.0) | 320 (16.6) | 127 (32.1) | 10 (38.5) | 117 (31.6) |
| Education level | ||||||
| Less than college degree | 561 (27.4) | 32 (26.2) | 529 (27.5) | 151 (38.1) | 6 (23.1) | 145 (39.2) |
| Some college or undergraduate | 1107 (54.1) | 71 (58.2) | 1036 (53.9) | 213 (53.8) | 18 (69.2) | 195 (52.7) |
| Graduate or post-graduate | 378 (18.5) | 19(15.6) | 359 (18.7) | 32 (8.1) | 2 (7.7) | 30 (8.1) |
| Marital status a | ||||||
| Married or living with partner | 1565 (76.6) | 86 (70.5) | 1479 (77.0) | 266 (67.2) | 23 (88.5) | 243 (65.7) |
| Not married | 479 (23.4) | 36 (29.5) | 443 (23.1) | 130 (32.8) | 3 (11.5) | 127 (34.3) |
| Family income during last year | ||||||
| Less than $30,000 | 479 (23.4) | 28 (23.0) | 451 (23.4) | 129 (32.6) | 6 (23.1) | 123 (33.2) |
| $30,000-$49,999 | 294 (14.4) | 23 (18.9) | 271 (14.1) | 88 (22.2) | 7 (26.9) | 81 (21.9) |
| $50,000-$99,999 | 464 (22.7) | 30 (24.6) | 434 (22.6) | 93 (23.5) | 5 (19.2) | 88 (23.8) |
| $100,000 or more | 530 (25.9) | 24 (29.7) | 506 (26.3) | 52 (13.1) | 5 (19.2) | 47 (12.7) |
| Unknown | 279 (13.6) | 17 (13.9) | 262 (13.6) | 34 (8.6) | 3 (11.5) | 31 (8.4) |
| Plasma cotinine (ng/mL) a | 1.1 ± 12.6 | 0.6 ± 3.6 | 1.1 ± 13.0 | 3.4 ± 19.3 | 3.3 ± 14.4 | 3.4 ± 19.6 |
| Plasma total lipids (mg/dL) a | 609.9 ± 99.2 | 613.4 ± 104.8 | 609.7 ± 98.9 | 607.5 ± 101.7 | 636.8 ± 97.3 | 605.5 ± 101.8 |
| Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) score a | 51.4 ± 9.7 | 50.0 ± 9.5 | 51.5 ± 9.7 | 49.2 ± 8.7 | 47.6 ± 8.3 | 49.3 ± 8.7 |
| Total activity (MET hours per week) a | 323.1 ± 167.9 | 351.9 ± 207.7 | 321.3 ± 165.0 | 330.8 ± 156.3 | 268.1 ± 127.4 | 335.2 ± 157.3 |
| Sedentary activity (MET hours per week) a | 26.1 ± 18.3 | 30.4 ± 19.5 | 25.8 ± 18.2 | 27.2 ± 18.7 | 29.0 ± 16.3 | 27.1 ± 18.9 |
| Acculturation a | ||||||
| U.S.-born | 1353 (66.2) | 89 (73.0) | 1264 (65.8) | 327 (82.6) | 20 (76.9) | 307 (83.0) |
| Recent immigrant (< 10 years) | 305 (14.9) | 12 (9.8) | 293 (15.3) | 24 (6.1) | 2 (7.7) | 22 (6.0) |
| Long-term immigrant (≥ 10 years) | 385 (18.8) | 21 (17.2) | 364 (19.0) | 45 (11.4) | 4 (15.4) | 41 (11.1) |
Means ± SD for continuous variables. N (%) for categorical variables.
GA = gestational age
a
Numbers may not add up to total numbers due to missing values. Variables with missing values (missing rate) included: marital status (0.1%), plasma cotinine (1.6%), plasma total lipids (1.1%), AHEI 2010 score (37.4%), total activity (0.2%), sedentary activity (0.2%), acculturation (0.1%).