(a) Global phylogeny of 11,166 sequences belonging to G clade. The red inner circle denotes sequences with S:A222V, the external circle indicates PANGO linages of interest indicated in legend. (b) Percentage of global sequences with S:A222V (blue area) in different VOCs. Sequences belonging to parental lineages designated as B.1.177 appear as a green line, B.1.1.7 as a yellow line, B.1.617.2 as a red line, AY.4.2 as a purple line, and B.1.1.529 as a blue line. (c) The ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution rates (dN/dS) for the codon 222 of the spike for each period with a predominant variant, the size of the circle indicates–log(p) with a constant value of 10. *dN/dS for B.1.1.529 period is even higher but cannot be represented because dS = 0.