Table 2.

Survey of aflatoxins contamination in herbal materia medica by Taiwan Food and Drug Administration from 2002 to 2013 [13–16].

Parts	Items	No. of samples	AF-contaminated samples	AFB1 detected value (mg/kg)	No. of out of specifications
					Total AF > 10 ppb	AFB1 > 5 ppb
Semen	Coicis Semen	120	24 (20%)	0.2e45.3	3 (3%)	2 (2%)
	Nelumbinis Semen	70	8 (11%)	22.4e394.4	8 (11%)	8 (11%)
	Platycladi Semen	20	20 (100%)	1.3e25.4	10 (50%)	12 (60%)
Rhizoma	Corydalis Rhizoma	70	14 (20%)	2.3e256.5	8 (11%)	10 (14%)
	Alismatis Rhizoma	20	1 (5%)	3.6	e	e
	Batatatis Rhizoma	50	–	–	–	–
	Curcumae Longae Rhizoma	20	–	–	–	–
	Cimicifugae Rhizoma	20	–	–	–	–
	Atractylodis Rhizoma	20	–	–	–	–
	Acori Graminei Rhizoma	20	–	–	–	–
	Zingieris Rhizoma	20	–	–	–	–
	Pinelliae Rhizoma	20	–	–	–	–
Fructus	Setariae Germinatus Fructus	20	11 (55%)	0.2–8.6	1 (5%)	1 (5%)
	Piperis Fructus	20	1 (5%)	–	–	–
	Ligustri Fructus	20	–	–	–	–
	Foeniculi Fructus	20	–	–	–	–
	Crataegi Fructus	20	–	–	–	–
	Jujubae Fructus	20	–	–	–	–
	Lycii Fructus	20	–	–	–	–
	Corni Fructus	20	–	–	–	–
	Anisi Stellati Fructus	20	–	–	–	–
	Citri Immaturus Fructus	20	–	–	–	–
	Gardeniae Fructus	20	–	–	–	–
	Schisandrae Fructus	20	–	–	–	–
Radix	Astragli Radix	140	9 (6%)	4.3–64.3	3 (2%)	7 (5%)
	Polygalae Radix	20	11 (55%)	0.7–8.1	1 (5%)	–
	Puerariae Radix	20	1 (5%)	–	–	–
	Glycyrrhizae Radix	20	–	–	–	–
	Scutellariae Radix	20	–	–	–	–
	Paeoniae Alba Radix	20	–	–	–	–
	Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix	20	–	–	–	–
	Gentianae Rhizoma et Radix	20	–	–	–	–
	Ginseng Radix	20	–	–	–	–
Others	Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium	40	6 (15%)	–	–	–
	Massa Medicata Fermentata	20	1 (5%)	6.7	1 (5%)	1 (5%)
	Arecae Pericarpium	20	–	–	–	–
	Farfarae Flos	20	–	–	–	–
	Polyporus	20	–	–	–	–
	Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus	20	–	–	–	–
	Poria	20	–	–	–	–
	Clematidis Caulis	20	–	–	–	–
	Cinnamomi Ramulus	20	–	–	–	–
	Moutan Radicis Cortex	20	–	–	–	–
Total		1230	107 (9%)	–	35 (3%)	41 (3%)