Table 1.
Demographic information of (A) Montefiore Health System data and (B) Stony Brook Hospital data.
| (A) Montefiore health system data | NAKI (2857) | AKI (1982) | P-values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, median (IQR) | 61 (47, 75) | 70 (60, 81) | <0.001 | |
| Female gender, n (%) | 1491 (52.2) | 843 (42.5) | <0.001 | |
| Race, n (%) | 0.085 | |||
| White | 246 (16.0) | 177 (14.1) | ||
| Black/African American | 850 (55.4) | 724 (57.6) | ||
| Asian | 92 (6.0) | 59 (4.7) | ||
| Other | 205 (13.3) | 154 (12.3) | ||
| Unknown | 141 (9.3) | 142 (11.3) | ||
| Ethnicity, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Hispanic | 1323 (46.3) | 726 (36.7) | ||
| Non-Hispanic | 1534 (53.7) | 1256 (63.3) | ||
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 506 (17.7) | 483 (24.4) | <0.001 | |
| Congestive heart failure | 162 (5.7) | 195 (9.8) | <0.001 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 328 (11.5) | 376 (19.0) | <0.001 | |
| Hypertension | 741 (26.0) | 519 (26.2) | 0.087 | |
| Coronary artery disease | 183 (6.4) | 144 (7.3) | 0.265 | |
| COPD/asthma | 304 (10.6) | 139 (7.0) | <0.001 | |
| Liver disease | 41 (1.4) | 34 (1.7) | 0.511 | |
| Unadjusted mortality, n (%) | 204 (7.1) | 743 (37.4) | <0.001 | |
| Mortality odds ratio | 6.3 [5.3, 7.6] | <0.001 | ||
| (B) Stony Brook Hospital data | NAKI (721) | AKI (308) | P-values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, median (IQR) | 59 (47, 73) | 70 (55, 80) | <0.001 | |
| Female gender, n (%) | 312 (43.3) | 118 (38.3) | 0.139 | |
| Race, n (%) | 0.66 | |||
| White | 384 (53.3) | 177 (57.5) | ||
| Black/African American | 52 (7.2) | 26 (8.4) | ||
| Asian | 22 (3.1) | 10 (3.3) | ||
| Other | 6 (0.8) | 2 (0.6) | ||
| Unknown | 257 (35.6) | 93 (30.2) | ||
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.015 | |||
| Hispanic | 197 (27.3) | 62 (20.1) | ||
| Non-Hispanic | 524 (72.7) | 246 (79.9) | ||
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 159 (22.1) | 108 (35.0) | <0.001 | |
| Congestive heart failure | 38 (5.3) | 55 (17.9) | <0.001 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 45 (6.2) | 58 (18.8) | <0.001 | |
| Hypertension | 302 (41.9) | 196 (63.6) | <0.001 | |
| Coronary artery disease | 91 (12.6) | 73 (23.7) | <0.001 | |
| COPD/asthma | 57 (7.9) | 33 (10.7) | 0.144 | |
| Liver disease | 7 (1.0) | 2 (0.7) | 0.612 | |
| Unadjusted mortality, n (%) | 50 (6.9) | 97 (31.5) | <0.001 | |
| Mortality odds ratio | 4.67 [3.1,7.0] | <0.001 | ||
Demographic characteristics and comorbidities of NAKI and AKI patients. Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used for group comparison of categorical variables in frequencies and percentages. Mann-Whitney U test was used for group comparison of continuous variables in medians and IQR. Mortality odds ratios were adjusted for demographics and comorbidities (see Methods).
AKI, acute kidney injury; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IQR, interquartile range; NAKI, non-AKI.