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Inhibitory Effect of PSE on the activation of MKK/MAPK signaling. Expression of MKK/MAPK signaling was determined by Western blot analysis (a). The cells were pretreated 1 μg/mL LPS for 1 h and treated with 10 and 50 μg/mL PSE for 3 h (b–d). The cells were pretreated 10 and 50 μg/mL PSE for 30 min and treated 1 μg/mL LPS for 60 min (e, f). Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant by Duncan's test.
