TABLE 2.

Individual study estimates of the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of active tuberculosis comparing DM prevalence in TB cases and non‐TB controls in sub‐Saharan Africa

First author, (year)	Method of DM diagnosis	Number (%) of TB cases with DM	Number (%) of non‐TB controls with DM	Unadjusted OR of active TB (95% CI)	Adjusted OR of active TB (95% CI)
Kubjane et al. (2020) [21]	FBG, HbA1c, self‐reported	At enrolment: 49 (11.9) After follow‐up: 28 (9.3)	38 (8.7) 27 (8.1)	Not reported	2.8 (1.5–5.3) a 3.3 (1.5–7.3)
Sinha et al. (2018) [25]	RBG, self‐reported	>1 TB symptom b >2 TB symptoms >3 TB symptoms	Not reported	Not reported	1.36 (1.11–1.67) 1.47 (1.13–1.91) 1.69 (1.11–2.57) a
Lawson et al. (2017) [26]	HbA1c, self‐reported	26 (23.0)	36 (12.1)	2.39 (1.35–4.24)	3.10 (1.62–5.94) a
Boillat‐Blanco et al. (2016) [22]	FCG OGTT HbA1c	24 (4.5) 36 (6.8) 49 (9.3)	6 (1.2) 15 (3.1) 11 (2.2)	4.2 (1.7–10.3) 2.9 (1.5–5.4) 6.5 (3.3–12.9)	10.6 (3.2–4.1) c 3.7 (1.6–8.3) 10.7 (4.5–26) a
Senkoro et al. (2016) [23]	Self‐reported	4 (2)	45 (1)	3.1 (0.6–16.4)	3.4 (0.8–14.2) a
Bailey et al. (2016) [27]	RBG	15 (3.5)	712 (1.8)	Not reported	2.15 (1.17–3.94) a
Haraldsdottir et al. (2015) [24]	RBG, FBG, registered at DM clinic	3 (2.8)	11 (2.1)	Not reported	0.88 (0.17–4.58) a
Bates et al. (2012) [28]	DM as admission diagnosis to hospital	4 (20.0)	15 (5.9)	4.00 (1.19–13.5)	6.57 (1.71–25.30) a
Faurholt‐Jepsen et al. (2011) [20]	FBG and OGTT	134 (16.7)	33 (9.4)	2.2 (1.5–3.4)	HIV −: 2.14 (1.32–3.46) a HIV +: 2.05 (0.68–6.29)

Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; TB, tuberculosis; OR, odds ratio; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated haemoglobin; RBG, random blood glucose; FCG, fasting capillary glucose; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test.

^a These are the ORs that were included in the main meta‐analysis.

^b The number of cases and controls was not reported by the study authors.

^c This is an incorrect confidence interval that was reported by the study authors.