TABLE 4.
Multivariate analysis exploring the CT‐determined comorbidities and risk of all‐cause mortality
| Variables | HR (95% CI) | p‐value |
|---|---|---|
| Emphysema (yes vs. no) | 1.06 (0.53–2.14) | 0.89 |
| Bronchiectasis (yes vs. no) | 2.12 (1.05–4.26) | 0.036 |
| ILA (yes vs. no) | 1.93 (0.79–4.74) | 0.151 |
| CAC (low risk vs. high risk) | 2.09 (1.03–4.26) | 0.042 |
| PAE (≥30 mm) | 1.98 (0.69–5.73) | 0.21 |
| Ascending aorta enlargement (yes vs. no) | 1.18 (0.48–2.90) | 0.724 |
| Hiatus hernia (yes vs. no) | 1.53 (0.69–3.36) | 0.269 |
| Liver steatosis (yes vs. no) | 1.39 (0.66–2.94) | 0.392 |
| Osteoporosis by CT (yes vs. no) | 1.09 (0.44–2.68) | 0.864 |
| Low PsD (yes vs. no) | 2.61 (1.23–5.57) | 0.013 |
Note: Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, pack‐year history and FEV1.
Abbreviations: CAC, coronary artery calcification; CT, computed tomography; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; HR, hazard ratio; ILA, interstitial lung abnormalities; PAE, pulmonary artery enlargement; PsD, Psoas density.