TABLE 3.
(a) Multivariable linear regression with the clinical parameters number of sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 4 mm, % bleeding on probing (BoP), and number of teeth as dependent variables; (b) Multivariable logistic regression for number of sites with PPD ≥ 6 mm (0 or 1 versus 2 or more)
| (a) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variable | Independent variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | N | |||
| β (95% CI) | p Value | β (95% CI) | p Value | β (95% CI) | p Value | |||
| Pockets ≥ 4 mm | CMPF | −1.42 (−2.20 to 0.64) | <.001 | −1.21 (−1.99 to –0.43) | .002 | −1.07 (−1.85 to 0.29) | .007 | 921 |
| CMPF 4 versus 1 | −3.34 (−5.76 to 0.91) | .007 | −2.41 (−4.85 to 0.04) | .05 | −1.77 (−4.21 to 0.68) | .16 | 461 | |
| CMPF 3 versus 1 | −1.94 (−4.19 to 0.31) | .09 | −1.40 (−3.61 to 0.80) | .21 | −1.22 (−3.43 to 0.98) | .25 | 459 | |
| CMPF 2 versus 1 | −1.40 (−3.56 to 0.76) | .20 | −0.57 (−2.66 to 1.53) | .60 | −0.46 (−2.56 to 1.64) | .67 | 459 | |
| %BoP | CMPF | −2.43 (−3.68 to –1.19) | <.001 | −2.16 (−3.41 to −0.91) | .001 | −2.12 (−3.38 to –0.86) | .002 | 921 |
| CMPF 4 versus 1 | −6.68 (−10.43 to 2.92) | .001 | −5.83 (−9.66 to –2.00) | .003 | −5.73 (−9.60 to –1.86) | .004 | 461 | |
| CMPF 3 versus 1 | −4.73 (−8.13 to –1.10) | .01 | −4.45 (−8.12 to –0.79) | .02 | −4.32 (−8.00 to –0.64) | .02 | 459 | |
| CMPF 2 versus 1 | −1.98 (−5.52 to 1.57) | .27 | −1.03 (−4.58 to 2.53) | .57 | −0.96 (−4.53 to 2.61) | .60 | 459 | |
| Number of teeth | CMPF | 0.22 (0.12 to 0.33) | <.001 | 0.20 (0.09 to 0.30) | .001 | 0.19 (0.08 to 0.29) | .001 | 922 |
| CMPF 4 versus 1 | 0.73 (0.39 to 1.08) | <.001 | 0.62 (0.27 to 0.97) | .001 | 0.58 (0.22 to 0.93) | .001 | 462 | |
| CMPF 3 versus 1 | 0.50 (0.17 to 0.83) | .003 | 0.44 (0.11 to 0.77) | .009 | 0.40 (0.07 to 0.73) | .02 | 460 | |
| CMPF 2 versus 1 | 0.45 (0.15 to 0.75) | .004 | 0.36 (0.06 to 0.65) | .02 | 0.33 (0.03 to 0.63) | .03 | 460 | |
| (b) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No or 1 versus ≥2 deep pockets | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | N | |||
| Independent variable | OR (95% CI) | p Value | OR (95% CI) | p Value | OR (95% CI) | p Value | |
| CMPF | 0.74 (0.61 to 0.91) | .005 | 0.78 (0.63 to 0.96) | .02 | 0.80 (0.65 to 0.98) | .035 | 921 |
| CMPF 4 versus 1 | 0.49 (0.26 to 0.92) | .03 | 0.64 (0.32 to 1.25) | .19 | 0.76 (0.38 to 1.53) | .44 | 461 |
| CMPF 3 versus 1 | 0.71 (0.40 to 1.29) | .26 | 0.79 (0.44 to 1.45) | .45 | 0.82 (0.44 to 1.55) | .55 | 459 |
| CMPF 2 versus 1 | 0.67 (0.37 to 1.23) | .20 | 0.82 (0.44 to 1.55) | .55 | 0.83 (0.44 to 1.58) | .57 | 459 |
Note: (a) Independent variables are CMPF levels as well as CMPF quartile 1–4 and comparing the fourth, third, and second quartile of CMPF levels with the first quartile. Effect sizes are reported with 95% CI. (b). Z‐ and ln‐transformed CMPF as well as comparing quartiles of CMPF as the independent variable. Model 1 (M1) adjusted for age and sex; Model 2 (M2) adjusted for M1 + level of education, fasting plasma glucose level, and BMI; Model 3 (M3) adjusted for M2 + smoking status. CMPF 4 versus 1 is the fourth versus first quartile of CMPF; CMPF 3 versus 1 is the third versus first quartile of CMPF; CMPF 2 versus 1 is the second versus first quartile of CMPF. Statistically significant effect estimates are indicated with bold font. N is the number of subjects in the model.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CMPF, 3‐carboxy‐4‐methyl‐5‐propyl‐2‐furanpropionic acid; OR, odds ratio.