TABLE 2.
Comparison of clinical diagnosis of COVID‐19 and COVID‐19 testing results for pregnant women (n = 5644)—OptumLabs Data Warehouse, United States, March 2020–January 2021
| Tested positive (n = 356) | Diagnosis (n = 596) | Agreement (95% CI) | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | % | ||||||
| Overall | 6.6 | 10.5 | 90.8 (90.0, 91.5) | 60.7 (55.4, 65.8) | 92.8 (92.1, 93.5) | 36.2 (33.3, 39.3) | 97.2 (96.9, 97.5) |
| By month of laboratory test | |||||||
| Mar 2020–May 2020 | <3.1 a | 10.0 | 89.6 (87.5, 91.5) | 40.0 (19.1, 63.9) | 90.7 (88.6, 92.5) | 8.3 (4.9, 13.9) | 98.6 (98.0, 99.0) |
| Jun 2020–Sept 2020 | 7.1 | 9.9 | 91.3 (90.4, 92.2) | 58.7 (52.5, 64.8) | 93.8 (93.0, 94.6) | 41.9 (37.9, 46.1) | 96.7 (96.3, 97.2) |
| Oct 2020–Jan 2021 | 7.6 | 13.4 | 89.9 (87.9, 91.7) | 72.1 (60.9, 81.7) | 91.4 (89.4, 93.1) | 40.7 (34.9, 46.8) | 97.6 (96.5, 98.3) |
| By laboratory testing method | |||||||
| RT‐PCR | 8.1 | 11.0 | 90.8 (89.9, 91.7) | 61.2 (55.8, 66.4) | 93.4 (92.6, 94.2) | 44.9 (41.3, 48.5) | 96.5 (96.0, 96.9) |
| Rapid antigen or serology | <3.1 a | 9.2 | 90.7 (89.1, 92.2) | 46.1 (19.2, 74.9) | 91.1 (89.5, 92.6) | 4.7 (2.6, 8.3) | 99.5 (99.1, 99.7) |
| By gestation at time of laboratory test | |||||||
| First trimester | 7.8 | 14.6 | 86.9 (83.8, 89.7) | 59.5 (43.3, 74.4) | 89.3 (86.2, 91.8) | 32.1 (24.8, 40.3) | 96.3 (94.7, 97.4) |
| Second trimester | 6.2 | 10.8 | 89.1 (87.5, 90.5) | 49.1 (39.5, 58.7) | 91.7 (90.3, 93.0) | 28.2 (23.5, 33.5) | 96.5 (95.8, 97.0) |
| Third trimester | 6.1 | 10.1 | 92.3 (91.4, 93.2) | 67.3 (60.4, 73.7) | 94.0 (93.1, 94.8) | 42.1 (38.1, 46.3) | 97.8 (97.3, 98.2) |
| By health and medical factors | |||||||
| High‐risk medical condition | |||||||
| Yes | 6.4 | 11.6 | 89.0 (86.7, 91.1) | 54.7 (40.5, 68.4) | 91.4 (89.2, 93.3) | 30.2 (23.6, 37.7) | 96.7 (95.6, 97.5) |
| No | 6.3 | 10.4 | 91.1 (90.3, 91.9) | 61.7 (56.0, 67.2) | 93.1 (92.3, 93.8) | 37.4 (34.2, 40.7) | 97.3 (96.9, 97.7) |
| Diagnosis of a pregnancy complication | |||||||
| Yes | 5.6 | 10.9 | 91.1 (89.7, 92.3) | 67.3 (57.3, 76.3) | 92.5 (91.1, 93.7) | 34.7 (30.0, 39.7) | 97.9 (97.3, 98.4) |
| No | 6.6 | 10.4 | 90.7 (89.7, 91.6) | 58.0 (51.7, 64.2) | 93.0 (92.1, 93.8) | 37.0 (33.4, 40.8) | 96.9 (96.4, 97.3) |
| Advanced maternal age | |||||||
| Yes | 4.5 | 7.8 | 93.1 (91.8, 94.2) | 59.3 (47.8, 70.1) | 94.6 (93.5, 95.7) | 34.0 (28.3, 40.3) | 98.0 (97.5, 98.5) |
| No | 7.2 | 11.9 | 89.7 (88.7, 90.7) | 61.1 (55.1, 66.9) | 91.9 (91.0, 92.8) | 36.9 (33.6, 40.4) | 96.8 (96.3, 97.3) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value. a Exact percentages are suppressed to comply with requirements for data release.
a
Exact percentages are suppressed to comply with requirements for data release.