Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Overall (n = 7433) | No PNP (n = 7379) | PNP (n = 54) | p value PNP yes/no | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 5035 (67.7) | 5013 (67.9) | 22 (40.7) | <.001 |
| Age (year) | 61.6 ± 9.6 | 61.6 ± 9.6 | 61.8 ± 9.8 | .862 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | (n = 7372) | (n = 7318) | .753 | |
| 27.4 ± 4.2 | 27.4 ± 4.2 | 27.6 ± 3.7 | ||
| Height (cm) | (n = 7390) | (n = 7336) | <0.001 | |
| 178.9 ± 10.0 | 179.0 ± 10.0 | 174.0 ± 10.0 | ||
| LAVI (ml/m2) |
(n = 3964) 36.6 ± 11.8 |
(n = 3933) 36.6 ± 11.8 |
(n = 31) 39.8 ± 13.5 |
.200 |
| Mitral valve regurgitation | (n = 6293) | (n = 6243) | (n = 50) | .600 |
| None/mild | 5886 (93.5) | 5840 (93.6) | 46 (92.0) | |
| Moderate | 393 (6.3) | 389 (6.2) | 4 (8.0) | |
| Severe | 14 (0.2) | 14 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| CHA2DS2VASc |
(n = 7242) 1.6 ± 1.4 |
(n = 7289) 1.6 ± 1.4 |
(n = 53) 1.9 ± 1.4 |
.102 |
| Type AF | (n = 7352) | (n = 7299) | (n = 53) | .736 |
| Paroxysmal | 5044 (68.6) | 5004 (68.6) | 40 (75.5) | |
| Persistent | 2083 (28.3) | 2,071 (28.4) | 12 (22.6) | |
| Longstanding persistent | 189 (2.6) | 188 (2.6) | 1 (1.9) | |
| Other atrial arrhythmia | 36 (0.5) | 36 (0,5) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Ablation method | (n = 7,362) | (n = 7,308) | <.001 | |
| C‐RF | 3,028 (41.1) | 3,026 (41.4) | 2 (3.4) | |
| Phased‐ RF incl. MASC/MAAC | 697 (9.5) | 695 (9.5) | 2 (3.7) | |
| Cryoballoon | 2,909 (39.6) | 2,868 (39.2) | 41 (75.9) | |
| Laser balloon | 5 (0.07) | 5 (0.07) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Thoraco‐scopic incl. hybrid ablation | 723 (9.8) | 714 (9.8) | 9 (16.7) | |
| Previous LA ablation |
(n = 7411) 1630 (22.0) |
(n = 7358) 1621 (22.0) |
(n = 53) 9 (17.0) |
.473 |
Note: Baseline characteristics and group comparison. Mean standard deviation (±), number (%).
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillationBMI, body mass index; CHA2DS2 VASc, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age (≥75, doubled), diabetes, stroke (doubled), vascular disease, age (≥ 65), sex; C‐RF, conventional radiofrequency; LA, left atrium; LAVI, left atrial volume index; MAAC, multi‐array ablation catheter; MASC, multi‐array septal catheter; PNP, phrenic nerve palsy.