Reporting item	Page number
Administrative information
Title	#1	Descriptive title identifying the study design, population, interventions, and, if applicable, trial acronym	1
Trial registration	#2a	Trial identifier and registry name. If not yet registered, name of intended registry	7
Trial registration: Data set	#2b	All items from the World Health Organization trial registration data set	Yes
Protocol version	#3	Date and version identifier	2
Funding	#4	Sources and types of financial, material, and other support	3
Roles and responsibilities: Contributorship	#5a	Names, affiliations, and roles of protocol contributors	1/2
Roles and responsibilities: Sponsor contact information	#5b	Name and contact information for the trial sponsor	3
Roles and responsibilities: Sponsor and funder	#5c	Role of study sponsor and funders, if any, in study design; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing of the report; and the decision to submit the report for publication, including whether they will have ultimate authority over any of these activities	3
Roles and responsibilities: Committees	#5d	Composition, roles, and responsibilities of the coordinating centre, steering committee, endpoint adjudication committee, data management team, and other individuals or groups overseeing the trial, if applicable (see item 21a for data monitoring committee)	3
Introduction
Background and rationale	#6a	Description of research question and justification for undertaking the trial, including summary of relevant studies (published and unpublished) examining benefits and harms for each intervention	8–10
Background and rationale: Choice of comparators	#6b	Explanation for choice of comparators	N/A
Objectives	#7	Specific objectives or hypotheses	10
Trial design	#8	Description of trial design including type of trial (e.g., parallel group, crossover, factorial, single group), allocation ratio, and framework (e.g., superiority, equivalence, non‐inferiority, exploratory)	10–11
Methods: Participants, interventions, and outcomes
Study setting	#9	Description of study settings (eg, community clinic, academic hospital) and list of countries where data will be collected. Reference to where list of study sites can be obtained	11
Eligibility criteria	#10	Inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants. If applicable, eligibility criteria for study centres and individuals who will perform the interventions (e.g., surgeons, psychotherapists)	11–12 and Table 1
Interventions: Description	#11a	Interventions for each group with sufficient detail to allow replication, including how and when they will be administered	13
Interventions: Modifications	#11b	Criteria for discontinuing or modifying allocated interventions for a given trial participant (e.g., drug dose change in response to harms, participant request, or improving/worsening disease)	13–14
Interventions: Adherence	#11c	Strategies to improve adherence to intervention protocols, and any procedures for monitoring adherence (e.g., drug tablet return; laboratory tests)	18
Interventions: Concomitant care	#11d	Relevant concomitant care and interventions that are permitted or prohibited during the trial	13–14
Outcomes	#12	Primary, secondary, and other outcomes, including the specific measurement variable (e.g., systolic blood pressure), analysis metric (e.g., change from baseline, final value, time to event), method of aggregation (e.g., median, proportion), and time point for each outcome. Explanation of the clinical relevance of chosen efficacy and harm outcomes is strongly recommended	15–18
Participant timeline	#13	Time schedule of enrolment, interventions (including any run‐ins and washouts), assessments, and visits for participants. A schematic diagram is highly recommended (see Figure 2)	13
Sample size	#14	Estimated number of participants needed to achieve study objectives and how it was determined, including clinical and statistical assumptions supporting any sample size calculations	20
Recruitment	#15	Strategies for achieving adequate participant enrolment to reach target sample size	13
Methods: Assignment of interventions (for controlled trials)
Allocation: Sequence generation	#16a	Method of generating the allocation sequence (e.g., computer‐generated random numbers), and list of any factors for stratification. To reduce predictability of a random sequence, details of any planned restriction (e.g., blocking) should be provided in a separate document that is unavailable to those who enrol participants or assign interventions	19–20
Allocation concealment mechanism	#16b	Mechanism of implementing the allocation sequence (e.g., central telephone; sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelopes), describing any steps to conceal the sequence until interventions are assigned	20
Allocation: Implementation	#16c	Who will generate the allocation sequence, who will enrol participants, and who will assign participants to interventions	20
Blinding (masking)	#17a	Who will be blinded after assignment to interventions (e.g., trial participants, care providers, outcome assessors, data analysts), and how	10, 13
Blinding (masking): Emergency unblinding	#17b	If blinded, circumstances under which unblinding is permissible, and procedure for revealing a participant's allocated intervention during the trial	13
Methods: Data collection, management, and analysis
Data collection plan	#18a	Plans for assessment and collection of outcome, baseline, and other trial data, including any related processes to promote data quality (e.g., duplicate measurements, training of assessors) and a description of study instruments (e.g., questionnaires, laboratory tests) along with their reliability and validity, if known. Reference to where data collection forms can be found, if not in the protocol	19
Data collection plan: Retention	#18b	Plans to promote participant retention and complete follow‐up, including list of any outcome data to be collected for participants who discontinue or deviate from intervention protocols	19
Data management	#19	Plans for data entry, coding, security, and storage, including any related processes to promote data quality (e.g., double data entry; range checks for data values). Reference to where details of data management procedures can be found, if not in the protocol	19
Statistics: Outcomes	#20a	Statistical methods for analysing primary and secondary outcomes. Reference to where other details of the statistical analysis plan can be found, if not in the protocol	20–21
Statistics: Additional analyses	#20b	Methods for any additional analyses (e.g., subgroup and adjusted analyses)	21
Statistics: Analysis population and missing data	#20c	Definition of analysis population relating to protocol non‐adherence (e.g., as randomised analysis), and any statistical methods to handle missing data (e.g., multiple imputation)	23
Methods: Monitoring
Data monitoring: Formal committee	#21a	Composition of data monitoring committee (DMC); summary of its role and reporting structure; statement of whether it is independent from the sponsor and competing interests; and reference to where further details about its charter can be found, if not in the protocol. Alternatively, an explanation of why a DMC is not needed	19
Data monitoring: Interim analysis	#21b	Description of any interim analyses and stopping guidelines, including who will have access to these interim results and make the final decision to terminate the trial	21
Harms	#22	Plans for collecting, assessing, reporting, and managing solicited and spontaneously reported adverse events and other unintended effects of trial interventions or trial conduct	17
Auditing	#23	Frequency and procedures for auditing trial conduct, if any, and whether the process will be independent from investigators and the sponsor	20
Ethics and dissemination
Research ethics approval	#24	Plans for seeking research ethics committee/institutional review board (REC/IRB) approval	21–22
Protocol amendments	#25	Plans for communicating important protocol modifications (e.g., changes to eligibility criteria, outcomes, analyses) to relevant parties (e.g., investigators, REC/IRBs, trial participants, trial registries, journals, regulators)	22
Consent or assent	#26a	Who will obtain informed consent or assent from potential trial participants or authorised surrogates, and how (see item 32)	22
Consent or assent: Ancillary studies	#26b	Additional consent provisions for collection and use of participant data and biological specimens in ancillary studies, if applicable	N/A
Confidentiality	#27	How personal information about potential and enrolled participants will be collected, shared, and maintained in order to protect confidentiality before, during, and after the trial	3, 19
Declaration of interests	#28	Financial and other competing interests for principal investigators for the overall trial and each study site	3–4
Data access	#29	Statement of who will have access to the final trial dataset, and disclosure of contractual agreements that limit such access for investigators	3
Ancillary and post‐trial care	#30	Provisions, if any, for ancillary and post‐trial care, and for compensation to those who suffer harm from trial participation	15
Dissemination policy: Trial results	#31a	Plans for investigators and sponsor to communicate trial results to participants, healthcare professionals, the public, and other relevant groups (e.g., via publication, reporting in results databases, or other data sharing arrangements), including any publication restrictions	22
Dissemination policy: Authorship	#31b	Authorship eligibility guidelines and any intended use of professional writers	3
Dissemination policy: Reproducible research	#31c	Plans, if any, for granting public access to the full protocol, participant‐level dataset, and statistical code	3
Appendices
Informed consent materials	#32	Model consent form and other related documentation given to participants and authorised surrogates	N/A
Biological specimens	#33	Plans for collection, laboratory evaluation, and storage of biological specimens for genetic or molecular analysis in the current trial and for future use in ancillary studies, if applicable	N/A

Note: The SPIRIT checklist is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC‐BY‐ND 3.0. This checklist can be completed online using https://www.goodreports.org/, a tool made by the EQUATOR Network in collaboration with Penelope.ai